如何在centos 6上恢复系统gcc编译器

Question

I am running centos 6 on a cluster. I installed the latest gcc-8.2.0. and made a link "ln -sf /usr/bin/gcc-8.2 gcc". I did the same for g++ and gfortran. I wanted to reinstall gcc-8.2.0 and went ahead to

make clean

in the gcc-8.2 directory. When I try

./configure

I get that C compiler cannot create executables The links I made are broken. The system gcc-4.4.7 cannot be found

which gcc

gives no gcc

sudo yum install gcc gcc-c++

gives gcc is already installed. I tried to install an rpm, which fails because of dependencies. I have pg compilers installed in /opt/pgi When I configure with

CC=/path to/pgi/bin/pgcc FC=/path to/pgi/bin/pgfortran ./configure

I still get C compiler cannot create executables I tried the following c++ programm

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
cout << "Hello world!" << endl;
return 0;
}

With the command

/opt/pgi/linux_86_64/12.08/bin/pgcpp hello.cpp -o hello

It gives compilation error that float.h not found. On another linux PC with working gcc, the program works with the command

g++ hello.cpp -o hello

I will appreciate any assistance to either find the systemgcc or use pg compilers to compile gcc if possible

I admit it is a big mess which will require OS reinstallation and reconfiguration. But then I did

sudo yum install compat-gcc-34

Now I have gcc34 and configure of gcc-8.2 goes through without "c compiler cannot create executables". (Note that the ./configure referred to in earlier post was actually

../gcc_8_2_release/configure

inside "gcc_8_2_release_build, so gcc was not being built in its source directory. The problem I have now is with make, which needs g++, giving error

uint_t(64) or int_t(64) not found.

Thanks all who have gone through this post, for your patience. Any assistance will be appreciated.

Here is how I got out of this mess. With the following two commands

sudo yum install compat-gcc-34-c++
sudo yum install compat-gcc-34-g77

I was able to install the older version of gcc, c++ and g77. Then I was able to build gcc-8.2. Now I have a functional system with the latest gcc, yes it may need re-installation/re-configuring but it is fully functional. I have learnt a lot and very much appreciate the comments and guidelines of @Basile. However, at one point he was rather negative and discouraging. But thanks to my belief and perseverance, and more importantly browsing the knowledge shared by others, I have been able to recover what I was beginning to be convinced was a lost cause. Thanks all.

Answer 1

This is more a sysadmin question than a programming one.

My recommendations:

• don't mess your /usr/bin/ . Leave your package manager yum to fill it -and never add anything inside it without yum ; so remove manually any symlinks you made there (by mistake)

• reinstall the old system gcc 4.4 and g++ 4.4 (using yum )

• rebuild your GCC 8 from scratch from its source code. Configure it with --program-suffix=-8 (but no --prefix , or a --prefix=$HOME/soft/ if you don't have root access). So it will install /usr/local/bin/gcc-8 and /usr/local/bin/g++-8 etc... (or, if you have given --prefix=$HOME/soft/ , a $HOME/soft/bin/gcc-8 etc...)

• create a $HOME/bin/ if you don't have already one

• be sure to have $HOME/bin/ early in your $PATH (before /usr/bin/ )

• add a symlink ln -sv /usr/local/bin/gcc-8 $HOME/bin/gcc and likewise for g++ etc..

Then, when you type gcc you are getting that symlink to /usr/local/bin/gcc-8 etc.

If you cannot write to /usr/local/ (eg because you don't have root permission...) you could pass --prefix=$HOME/soft/ to GCC 8 .../configure then replace /usr/local/ above with $HOME/soft/

If you are the sysadmin and can write to /usr/local/ and have to set up things for many users: add a symlink ln -s /usr/local/bin/gcc-8 /usr/local/bin/gcc etc and ask your users to put /usr/local/bin/ in their $PATH before /usr/bin/

BTW, notice that it is explicitly documented that GCC 8 (or others) need to be built outside of its source tree: in Installing GCC you can read:

First, we highly recommend that GCC be built into a separate directory from the sources which does not reside within the source tree.

(the "highly recommend" should be considered as a polite way to say "you absolutely should")

So your ./configure was another mistake.

It could happen that you messed up your system more seriously than you thought (and perhaps you need to reinstall, or to call Redhat support).

PS. I don't know Redhat (used it only in the previous century). My favorite distro is Debian/testing or Debian/unstable (and my computers are desktops, not clusters).

Answer 2

This problem was solved by the following commands

sudo yum install compat-gcc-34-c++
sudo yum install compat-gcc-34-g77

Once this older version of gcc is installed, the latest version, gcc-8.2 was built and the system is no longer messed terribly. It is very healthy and fit.