JavaScript我如何遍历HTMLcollection中的每个当前和将来的元素？

Question

An HTMLCollection in the HTML DOM is live; it is automatically updated when the underlying document is changed.

im trying to write a simple script, for a website that often adds elements, that recolors those elements based on criteria.

now, i dont want to have a loop continusly running and checking for new elements, for performance reasons.

how would i use a live HTMLcollectio nand execute a function on every element in it, even the new ones added?

if i can accomplish this, it should result in a script that never finishes, and recolors all new elements.

any help appreciated!

Answer 1

I would use a MutationObserver to accomplish this task. It will watch a node for changes, and if needed it will watch the subtree for changes as well (which I don't think is needed here). As nodes get added, we can send the node to a function to apply some feature on it. In the example below we just randomly select a color and set the background.

 let targetNode = document.getElementById('watch') // Apply feature on the node function colorNode(node) { let r = Math.floor(Math.random() * 255) let g = Math.floor(Math.random() * 255) let b = Math.floor(Math.random() * 255) node.style.background = `rgb(${r},${g},${b})` } // Watch the node for changes (you can watch the subTree if needed) let observerOptions = { childList: true } // Create the callback for when the mutation gets triggered let observer = new MutationObserver(mutationList => { // Loop over the mutations mutationList.forEach(mutation => { // For added nodes apply the color function mutation.addedNodes.forEach(node => { colorNode(node) }) }) }) // Start watching the target with the configuration observer.observe(targetNode, observerOptions) ///////////////// /// Testing ///////////////// // Apply the inital color Array.from(targetNode.children).forEach(child => colorNode(child)) // Create nodes on an interval for testing setInterval(() => { let newNode = document.createElement('div') // Some random text newNode.textContent = (Math.random() * 1000).toString(32) targetNode.appendChild(newNode) }, 2000) 

 <div id="watch"> <div>One</div> <div>Two</div> <div>Three</div> </div>