[英]Second highest value among column values of same row in SQL
Sample data: 样本数据:
id score1 score2 score3 score4
1 10 05 30 50
2 05 15 10 00
3 25 10 05 15
Expected result set: 预期结果集:
id col_value
1 30
2 10
3 15
Use a CASE
expression to tell which score to omit in your GREATEST()
call. 使用
CASE
表达式来告诉您在GREATEST()
调用中省略哪个得分。
SELECT id,
CASE GREATEST(score1, score2, score3, score4)
WHEN score1 THEN GREATEST(score2, score3, score4)
WHEN score2 THEN GREATEST(score1, score3, score4)
WHEN score3 THEN GREATEST(score1, score2, score4)
ELSE GREATEST(score1, score2, score3)
END AS col_value
FROM your_table ;
This solution generalizes easily to any number of columns. 该解决方案可轻松推广到任意数量的列。
and a variation without CASE
, using both GREATEST()
and LEAST()
: 和一个没有
CASE
的变体,同时使用GREATEST()
和LEAST()
:
SELECT id,
LEAST(
GREATEST(score1, score2, score3),
GREATEST(score2, score3, score4),
GREATEST(score3, score4, score1),
GREATEST(score4, score1, score2)
) AS col_value
FROM your_table ;
Consider the following, which generalizes yet more easily still: 请考虑以下内容,它们更容易概括:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS my_table;
CREATE TABLE my_table
(id INT NOT NULL
,score_no INT NOT NULL
,score INT NOT NULL
,PRIMARY KEY(id,score_no)
);
INSERT INTO my_table VALUES
(1, 1 ,10),
(1 ,2 ,05),
(1 ,3 ,30),
(1 ,4 ,50),
(2 ,1 ,05),
(2 ,2 ,15),
(2 ,3 ,10),
(2 ,4 ,00),
(3 ,1 ,25),
(3 ,2 ,10),
(3 ,3 ,05),
(3 ,4 ,15);
SELECT id
, score_no
, score
FROM
( SELECT x.*
, CASE WHEN @prev=id THEN @i:=@i+1 ELSE @i:=1 END rank
, @prev:=id
FROM my_table x
, (SELECT @prev:=null,@i:=0) vars
ORDER
BY id
, score DESC
, score_no
) a
WHERE rank = 2;
+----+----------+-------+
| id | score_no | score |
+----+----------+-------+
| 1 | 3 | 30 |
| 2 | 3 | 10 |
| 3 | 4 | 15 |
+----+----------+-------+
In the event of tied scores, this solution picks the one with the lower 'score_no'. 如果绑定分数,此解决方案将选择具有较低“score_no”的分数。
Assuming no ties, you can use a big case
expression: 假设没有关系,您可以使用大
case
表达式:
select t.*,
(case when score1 > score2 and score1 > score3 and score1 < score 4 then score1
when score1 > score2 and score1 < score3 and score1 > score 4 then score1
when score1 < score2 and score1 > score3 and score1 > score 4 then score1
when score2 > score1 and score2 > score3 and score2 < score 4 then score2
when score2 > score1 and score2 < score3 and score2 > score 4 then score2
when score2 < score1 and score2 > score3 and score2 > score 4 then score2
. . .
end) as second_score
from t;
In general, though, this type of question suggests a problem with the data structure. 但是,一般而言,这类问题表明数据结构存在问题。 I suspect that you should really have a table with one row per
id
and score
(and perhaps a score
number). 我怀疑你应该有一个每个
id
和score
一行的表(也许是一个score
号)。 This is usually easier to manipulate in SQL. 这通常更容易在SQL中操作。
Using UNPIVOT
try this query 使用
UNPIVOT
尝试此查询
CREATE TABLE #my_table
(id INT NOT NULL, score1 INT NOT NULL, score2 INT NOT NULL, score3 INT NOT NULL, score4 INT NOT NULL)
INSERT INTO #my_table VALUES(1, 10, 05, 30, 50)
INSERT INTO #my_table VALUES(2, 05, 15, 10, 00)
INSERT INTO #my_table VALUES(3, 25, 10, 05, 15)
;WITH getHighestValue as (
SELECT id, Scores, ScoreText, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY id ORDER BY Scores DESC) AS Ranks
FROM #my_table
UNPIVOT(
Scores for ScoreText in (score1,score2,score3,score4)
) unpiv
)
SELECT id, Scores as col_value
FROM getHighestValue
WHERE Ranks = 2
Result: 结果:
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