JUnit和SPring引导-对象在控制器中定义良好，但在测试中未定义

Question

I'm new with all of that, so the answer should be obvious but I can't get it by myself :op

I'm working on a simple Spring Boot application and I'm "trying" to set up some JUnit test.

In my controller I've this code :

@Controller
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private OrderInfoService orderInfoService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/single", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ResponseEntity<List<OrderInfo>> orderinfo() {

        List<OrderInfo> orderInfo = orderInfoService.getOrderInfo("ca1121a");
        System.out.println("Created output string :" + orderInfo.toString());
        return new ResponseEntity<List<OrderInfo>>(orderInfo, HttpStatus.OK);
    }
}

This is only displaying a test page at "/single". The content of "orderInfo" appear both in the command line and on my web page. Good!

Now I'm trying to setup a JUnit test like this :

public class OrderInfoServiceImplTest {
    // Call class under test
    private OrderInfoService orderInfoService;

    @Test
    public void testGetOrderInfo() {
        System.out.println("Test - getOrderInfo");

        String res = "[OrderInfo :typeNameca1121a - retroFit ]" ;   
        List<OrderInfo> orderInfo = orderInfoService.getOrderInfo("ca1121a");
        System.out.println("Created output orderInfo");

        System.out.println("\t" + orderInfo.size());

        Assert.assertEquals(res, orderInfo.get(0).toString());
    }
}

This give me a null pointer exception :

[INFO] Running OrderInfoServiceImplTest Test - getOrderInfo [ERROR] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 1, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.178 s <<< FAILURE! - in OrderInfoServiceImplTest [ERROR] testGetOrderInfo(OrderInfoServiceImplTest) Time elapsed: 0.115 s <<< ERROR! java.lang.NullPointerException at com.devglan.service.impl.OrderInfoServiceImplTest.testGetOrderInfo(OrderInfoServiceImplTest.java:23)

I don't understand why my object is well defined in the controller but not in the test, I use exactly the same command. Does it related to the @autowired in the controller (which I have to say I don't understand yet)?

Any help would be appreciate. Thank you

Answer 1

Some annotations, which make your test case class be run under the control of spring test framework and your object under test is auto-wired to your test case class,are missed. As for your example , the following code will work.

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class OrderInfoServiceImplTest {
    // autowire class under test
    @Autowired
    private OrderInfoService orderInfoService;

    @Test
    public void testGetOrderInfo() {
        System.out.println("Test - getOrderInfo");

        String res = "[OrderInfo :typeNameca1121a - retroFit ]" ;   
        List<OrderInfo> orderInfo = orderInfoService.getOrderInfo("ca1121a");
        System.out.println("Created output orderInfo");

        System.out.println("\t" + orderInfo.size());

        Assert.assertEquals(res, orderInfo.get(0).toString());
    }
}