使用 Promises 和 Fetch API javascript 获取多个文件

Question

I am updating my javascript skills with Promises, already have in place a library with XHR and callbacks to load and inject multiple files at once and only proceed if ALL of them succeeded.

I am trying to use Promise.all() and Fetch API to get a similar functionality but can't make it work: console.log('All the promises are resolved', values); always triggers no matter if some of the fetch promises failed.

I want to be able to execute the code below, and only proceed with nowInitialize function if all the files were able to be fetched, or throw error using catch() with the reason of the first file that failed

xRequire(['index.html', 'style.cds'])
  .then(nowInitialize)
  .catch(reason => 'One or more files failed to load' + reason)

style.cds will obviously fail

//TODO Handle file types appropriately
//TODO: Inject css, javascript files

function xRequire(files) {
    let urls = [];
    let promisesList = [];
    let handleAllPromises;


//Populates urls with each file required
for(let i=0; i < files.length ; i++) {
    urls.push(files[i]);
}
//Fetch each file in urls
urls.forEach( (url, i) => { // (1)
    promisesList.push(
        fetch(url)
            .then(handleResponse)
            .then(data => console.log(data))
            .catch(error => console.log(error))
    );
});

handleAllPromises = Promise.all(promisesList);
handleAllPromises.then(function(values) {
    console.log('All the promises are resolved', values);
});
handleAllPromises.catch(function(reason) {
    console.log('One of the promises failed with the following reason', reason);
});
}

function handleResponse(response) {
let contentType = response.headers.get('content-type');
console.log('Requested Info: ' + contentType);
if (contentType.includes('application/json')) {
    return handleJSONResponse(response);
} else if (contentType.includes('text/html')) {
    return handleTextResponse(response);
} else if (contentType.includes('text/css')) {
    return handleTextResponse(response);
} else if (contentType.includes('application/javascript')) {
    return handleTextResponse(response);
} else {
    throw new Error(`Sorry, content-type ${contentType} not supported`);
}
}

function handleJSONResponse(response) {
return response.json()
    .then(json => {
        if (response.ok) {
            return json;
        } else {
            return Promise.reject(Object.assign({}, json, {
                status: response.status,
                statusText: response.statusText
            }));
        }
    });
}

function handleTextResponse(response) {
return response.text()
    .then(text => {
        if (response.ok) {
            return text;
        } else {
            return Promise.reject({
                status: response.status,
                statusText: response.statusText,
                err: text
            });
        }
    });
}

Answer 1

Can you just rewrite it as async-await code? Here is a rough idea of the typical flow:

const [data1, data2, data3] = await Promise.all([
  fetch(url1),
  fetch(url2),
  fetch(url3),
]);

In other words, Promise.all() returns the promise to all the data that is returned from your multiple fetch() functions.

Then, if you put this into a try-catch, you can handle the rejection as well:

try {
  const [data1, data2, data3] = await Promise.all([
    fetch(url1),
    fetch(url2),
    fetch(url3),
  ]);

  // Now you can process the data:
  [data1, data2, data3].map(handleResponse);
} catch (error) {
  console.log('Error downloading one or more files:', error);
}

If you want to loop with async-await , you can do that:

const promises = [];
for (const url of [url1, url2, url3, url4]) {
  promises.push(fetch(url));
}

const [data1, data2, data3, data4] = await Promise.all(promises);

Answer 2

There are two problems. First, you need to return the Promise.all call from xRequire in order to consume it in your xRequire(..).then :

return Promise.all(promisesList);

Also, when you use .catch , if a Promise is initially rejected, it will go into the catch block, do whatever code is there, and then the Promise chain will resolve (not reject) to whatever the catch block returns. If you want to percolate errors up the Promise chain, put your catch at the point in the chain at which you want to detect errors:

urls.forEach( (url, i) => { // (1)
  promisesList.push(
    fetch(url)
    .then(handleResponse)
    .then(data => console.log(data))
    // no catch here
  );
});

I would suggest putting your catch only in the caller of xRequire , that way it will see all errors. Your xRequire function can be reduced to:

xRequire(['index.html', 'style.cds'])
  .then(nowInitialize)
  .catch(reason => 'One or more files failed to load' + reason)

function xRequire(files) {
  return Promise.all(
    urls.map(handleResponse)
  );
}

If you want the body of xRequire to be able to see errors, but you also want to percolate errors up the Promise chain, throw an error in a catch inside xRequire , so that the Promise it resolves to will reject , rather than resolve:

function xRequire(files) {
  return Promise.all(
    urls.map(handleResponse)
  )
  .catch((err) => {
    console.log('There was an error: ' + err);
    throw err;
  })
}

Answer 3

I finally solved it in this way --with the only quirk i've found so far: files argument always needs to be an array , therefore always needs brackets when calling the function--

xRequire(['my-file'])
   .then(handle success)
   .catch(handle error);

async function xRequire(files) {
    let promises = [];
    let receivedData;

    //Iterate over files array and push results of fetch to promises array
    files.map(x => promises.push(fetch(x)));
    //populate receivedData array from promises array
    receivedData = await Promise.all(promises);
    //iterate over receivedData to handle each response accordingly
    return receivedData.map(x => handleResponse(x));
}