bash one-liner 切换到某个文件所在的目录

Question

I often want to change to the directory where a particular executable is located. So I'd like something like

cd `which python` 

to change into the directory where the python command is installed. However, this is obviously illegal, since cd takes a directory, not a file. There is obviously some regexp-foo I could do to strip off the filename, but that would defeat the point of it being an easy one-liner.

Answer 1

Here:

cd $(dirname `which python`)

Edit:

Even easier (actually tested this time):

function cdfoo() { cd $(dirname `which $@`); }

Then "cdfoo python".

Answer 2

To avoid all those external programs ('dirname' and far worse, the useless but popular 'which') maybe a bit rewritten:

cdfoo() {
  tgtbin=$(type -P "$1")
  [[ $? != 0 ]] && {
    echo "Error: '$1' not found in PATH" >&2
    return 1
  }
  cd "${tgtbin%/*}"
}

This also fixes the uncommon keyword 'function' from above and adds (very simple) error handling.

May be a start for a more sphisticated solution.

Answer 3

For comparison:

zsh:~% cd =vi(:h)
zsh:/usr/bin%

=cmd expands to the path to cmd and (:h) is a glob modifier to take the head

zsh is write-only but powerful.

Answer 4

这样的事情应该可以解决问题：

cd `dirname $(which python)`

Answer 5

One feature I've used allot is pushd / popd. These maintain a directory stack so that you don't have to try to keep history of where you were if you wish to return to the current working directory prior to changing directories.

For example:

pushd $(dirname `which $@`)
...
popd

Answer 6

你可以使用这样的东西：

cd `which <file> | xargs dirname`

Answer 7

我添加了一些简单的错误处理，使 cdfoo() 的行为遵循 dirname 对于不存在/非路径参数的行为

function cdfoo() { cd $(dirname $(which $1 || ( echo . && echo "Error: '$1' not found" >&2 ) ));}