如何调整括号大小并在matplotlib标签中部分设置标签的字体和大小？

Question

I know the title does not make any sense. But, I tried to explain what I need here. I have a plot with the following labels.

plt.xlabel(r'$\tau^P_j$ (day)', fontsize=12)
plt.ylabel(r'$\rho(\{j\},k^*)$', fontsize=12)

For x label, I want to change the font of the text part to times new roman and font size to something smaller. The function fontsize=12 applies to both the equation and the text parts in the label and the text part seems bigger than the math part, though they are both 12.

In addition, I need to adjust the size of the parenthesis in y label. The curly brackets appear much larger than the parenthesis. I tried (r'$\\rho\\big(\\{j\\},k^*\\big)$', fontsize=12) , but no luck. I am using Python 2.7.

Answer 1

Things work fine for me in python 3.6.5 and matplotlib 2.2.2 . I present below an answer to demonstrate the difference, both as axes labels and as texts (just to present y-label horizontally to notice the difference.

Minimal, Complete, and Verifiable example

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import rc
rc('text', usetex=True)
plt.rcParams['text.latex.preamble']=[r"\usepackage{amsmath}"]
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(6, 4))

x = range(6)
plt.plot(x, x)
plt.xlabel(r'$\tau^P_j$ $\text{\small{(day)}}$', fontsize=12)
plt.ylabel(r'$\rho\big(\{j\},k^*\big)$', fontsize=12)

plt.text(1,4, r'$\rho(\{j\},k^*)$', fontsize=12)
plt.text(1,3, r'$\rho\big(\{j\},k^*\big)$', fontsize=12)

plt.text(3,2, r'$\tau^P_j$ $\text{\small{(day)}}$', fontsize=12)
plt.text(3,1, r'$\tau^P_j$ (day)', fontsize=12)
plt.show()