Selenium：WebDriverException：Chrome 无法启动：由于 google-chrome 不再运行而崩溃，因此 ChromeDriver 假设 Chrome 已崩溃

Question

Recently I switched computers and since then I can't launch chrome with selenium. I've also tried Firefox but the browser instance just doesn't launch.

from selenium import webdriver

d = webdriver.Chrome('/home/PycharmProjects/chromedriver')

d.get('https://www.google.nl/')

i get the following error:

selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: crashed
  (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
  (The process started from chrome location /opt/google/chrome/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.43.600233, platform=Linux 4.15.0-38-generic x86_64)

i have the latest chrome version and chromedriver installed

EDIT: After trying @b0sss solution i am getting the following error.

selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: crashed
  (chrome not reachable)
  (The process started from chrome location /opt/google/chrome/google-chrome is no longer running, so chromedriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.43.600233 (523efee95e3d68b8719b3a1c83051aa63aa6b10d),platform=Linux 4.15.0-38-generic x86_64)

Answer 1

Try to download HERE and use this latest chrome driver version.

https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/downloads

EDIT:

Try this:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
chrome_options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
d = webdriver.Chrome('/home/PycharmProjects/chromedriver',chrome_options=chrome_options)
d.get('https://www.google.nl/')

Answer 2

This error message...

selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: crashed
  (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
  (The process started from chrome location /opt/google/chrome/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)

...implies that the ChromeDriver was unable to initiate/spawn a new WebBrowser ie Chrome Browser session.

Your main issue is the Chrome browser is not installed at the default location within your system.

The server ie ChromeDriver expects you to have Chrome installed in the default location for each system as per the image below:

¹ For Linux systems, the ChromeDriver expects /usr/bin/google-chrome to be a symlink to the actual Chrome binary.

---

Solution

In case you are using a Chrome executable in a non-standard location you have to override the Chrome binary location as follows:

• Python Solution:

   from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options options = Options() options.binary_location = "C:\\\\path\\\\to\\\\chrome.exe" #chrome binary location specified here options.add_argument("--start-maximized") #open Browser in maximized mode options.add_argument("--no-sandbox") #bypass OS security model options.add_argument("--disable-dev-shm-usage") #overcome limited resource problems options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-automation"]) options.add_experimental_option('useAutomationExtension', False) driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options, executable_path=r'C:\\path\\to\\chromedriver.exe') driver.get('http://google.com/')

• Java Solution:

   System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\\\Utility\\\\BrowserDrivers\\\\chromedriver.exe"); ChromeOptions opt = new ChromeOptions(); opt.setBinary("C:\\\\Program Files (x86)\\\\Google\\\\Chrome\\\\Application\\\\chrome.exe"); //chrome binary location specified here options.addArguments("start-maximized"); options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", Collections.singletonList("enable-automation")); options.setExperimentalOption("useAutomationExtension", false); WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(opt); driver.get("https://www.google.com/");

Answer 3

hope this helps someone. this worked for me on Ubuntu 18.10

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless")
chrome_options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
driver = webdriver.Chrome('/usr/lib/chromium-browser/chromedriver', options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://www.google.com')
print('test')
driver.close()

Answer 4

I encountered the exact problem running on docker container (in build environment). After ssh into the container, I tried running the test manually and still encountered

(unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
     (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome-stable is 
      no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)

When I tried running chrome locally /usr/bin/google-chrome-stable , error message

Running as root without --no-sandbox is not supported

I checked my ChromeOptions and it was missing --no-sandbox , which is why it couldn't spawn chrome.

capabilities = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome(
  chromeOptions: { args: %w(headless --no-sandbox disable-gpu window-size=1920,1080) }
)

Answer 5

I had a similar issue, and discovered that option arguments must be in a certain order . I am only aware of the two arguments that were required to get this working on my Ubuntu 18 machine. This sample code worked on my end:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

options = Options()
options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')

d = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r'/home/PycharmProjects/chromedriver', chrome_options=options)
d.get('https://www.google.nl/')

Answer 6

Assuming that you already downloaded chromeDriver, this error is also occurs when already multiple chrome tabs are open.

If you close all tabs and run again, the error should clear up.

Answer 7

in my case, the error was with www-data user but not with normal user on development. The error was a problem to initialize an x display for this user. So, the problem was resolved running my selenium test without opening a browser window, headless:

opts.set_headless(True)

Answer 8

For RobotFramework

I solved it! using --no-sandbox

${chrome_options}=  Evaluate  sys.modules['selenium.webdriver'].ChromeOptions()  sys, selenium.webdriver
Call Method    ${chrome_options}    add_argument    test-type
Call Method    ${chrome_options}    add_argument    --disable-extensions
Call Method    ${chrome_options}    add_argument    --headless
Call Method    ${chrome_options}    add_argument    --disable-gpu
Call Method    ${chrome_options}    add_argument    --no-sandbox
Create Webdriver    Chrome    chrome_options=${chrome_options}

Instead of

Open Browser    about:blank    headlesschrome
Open Browser    about:blank    chrome

Answer 9

一个没有其他人说过但对我sudo的简单解决方案不是在没有sudo或不是 root 的情况下运行。

Answer 10

This error has been happening randomly during my test runs over the last six months (still happens with Chrome 76 and Chromedriver 76) and only on Linux. On average one of every few hundred tests would fail, then the next test would run fine.

Unable to resolve the issue, in Python I wrapped the driver = webdriver.Chrome() in a try..except block in setUp() in my test case class that all my tests are derived from. If it hits the Webdriver exception it waits ten seconds and tries again.

It solved the issue I was having; not elegantly but it works.

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import WebDriverException

try:
    self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options, desired_capabilities=capabilities)
except WebDriverException as e:
    print("\nChrome crashed on launch:")
    print(e)
    print("Trying again in 10 seconds..")
    sleep(10)
    self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options, desired_capabilities=capabilities)
    print("Success!\n")
except Exception as e:
    raise Exception(e)

Answer 11

I came across this error on linux environment. If not using headless then you will need

from sys import platform
    if platform != 'win32':
        from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
        display = Display(visible=0, size=(800, 600))
        display.start()

Answer 12

The solutions that every body provide here is good for Clear the face of the issue but

All you need to solve this problem is that You have to run The App on non-root user on linux.

According to this post

https://github.com/paralelo14/google_explorer/issues/2#issuecomment-246476321

Answer 13

I had the same problem but it was solved just by reinstalling chrome again with the commands below:

$ wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
$ sudo apt install ./google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

Answer 14

i had same problem. I was run it on terminal with "sudo geany", you should run it without "sudo" just type on terminal "geany" and it is solved for me.

Answer 15

Make sure that both the chromedriver and google-chrome executable have execute permissions

sudo chmod -x "/usr/bin/chromedriver"

sudo chmod -x "/usr/bin/google-chrome"

Answer 16

i faced the same problem but i solved it by moving the chromedriver to this path '/opt/google/chrome/'

and this code works correctly

from selenium.webdriver import Chrome
driver = Chrome('/opt/google/chrome/chromedrive')
driver.get('https://google.com')

Answer 17

In my case, chrome was broken. following two lines fixed the issue,

apt -y update; apt -y upgrade; apt -y dist-upgrade
apt --fix-broken install

Answer 18

Faced with this issue trying to run/debug Python Selenium script inside WSL2 using Pycharm debugger. First solution was to use --headless mode, but I prefer to have Chrome GUI during the debug process.

In the system terminal outside Pycharm debugger Chrome GUI worked nice with DISPLAY env variable set this way (followed guide here ):

export DISPLAY=$(cat /etc/resolv.conf | grep nameserver | awk '{print $2; exit;}'):0.0

Unfortunately ~/.bashrc is not running in Pycharm during the debug, export is not working.

The way I've got Chrome GUI worked from Pycharm debugger: run echo $DISPLAY in WSL2, paste ip (you've got something similar to this) 172.18.144.1:0 into Pycharm Debug Configuration > Environment Variables:

Answer 19

Fixed it buy killing all the chrome processeses running in the remote server before running my script. That may explain why some answers that recommend you run your script as root works.

$ pkill -9 chrome
$ ./my_script.py

Answer 20

Just do not run the script as the root user (in my case).

Answer 21

Maybe when you where developing in local, you used options.headless=False in order to see what is the browser doing but you forgot to change it to True in the vm.