带有元组列表的嵌套字典作为来自python中DATA文件的值

Question

Please, help. I have a data file with 4 columns (userid, movieid, score, timestamp) that looks like this:

196 242 3   881250949
186 302 3   891717742
22  377 1   878887116
196 51  2   880606923
62  257 2   879372434

I am trying to create a nested dictionary that should look like this:

users = {'196': [('242', '3'), ('51', '2')], '186': ['302','3'] ...}

My code only picks up one tuple (movieid, score) for each userid:

def create_users_dict():
    try:
        users = {}
        for line in open('u.data'):
            (id, movieid, rating, timestamp) = line.split('\t')[0:4]
            users[id] = (movieid, rating)
    except IOError as ioerr:
        print('There is an error with the file:' + str(ioerr))
    return users
users = create_users_dict()

users = {'196': ('51', '2'), '186': ('302', '3')...}

Answer 1

Usesetdefault :

def create_users_dict():
    try:
        users = {}
        for line in open('u.data'):
            uid, movie_id, rating, timestamp = line.split()
            users.setdefault(uid, []).append((movie_id, rating))
        return users
    except IOError as ioerr:
        print('There is an error with the file:' + str(ioerr))
users = create_users_dict()

print(users)

Output

{'196': [('242', '3'), ('51', '2')], '62': [('257', '2')], '186': [('302', '3')], '22': [('377', '1')]}

A possible alternative is to check if the key ( uid ) is in the dictionary, in case is missing initialize the value with the empty list and then simply append.

def create_users_dict():
    try:
        users = {}
        for line in open('u.dat'):
            uid, movie_id, rating, timestamp = line.split()
            if uid not in users:
                users[uid] = []
            users[uid].append((movie_id, rating))
        return users
    except IOError as ioerr:
        print('There is an error with the file:' + str(ioerr))

As a side note you should not use id as a name because it shadows the built-in function id .