如何使用引导程序 4 警报？

Question

I would like to use bootstrap's styled alerts instead of the default javascript alerts.

How can I trigger the bootstrap alert instead of the regular alert in the following code?

<button type="button" onclick="alert('my message')">Click Me!</button>
<div class="alert alert-primary" role="alert">
  my alternative message
</div>

I don't want to see the message inside the div constantly on the screen, only when I press the button.

Edit: the answer that I am looking for is: what should be the value of onclick attribute so that the message will appear ONLY after clicking the button.

Answer 1

Here is a more generic Solution for you, where you could type your wanted message, too.

 function alert(message) { document.getElementById('alert-msg').innerHTML = message; // set message text if (document.getElementById('alert').classList.contains('d-none')) document.getElementById('alert').classList.remove('d-none'); // Display alert-box } function closeAlert() { document.getElementById('alert').classList.add('d-none'); // hide alert-box document.getElementById('alert-msg').innerHTML = ''; // reset message }

 <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.3/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-MCw98/SFnGE8fJT3GXwEOngsV7Zt27NXFoaoApmYm81iuXoPkFOJwJ8ERdknLPMO" crossorigin="anonymous"> <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-q8i/X+965DzO0rT7abK41JStQIAqVgRVzpbzo5smXKp4YfRvH+8abtTE1Pi6jizo" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.14.3/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha384-ZMP7rVo3mIykV+2+9J3UJ46jBk0WLaUAdn689aCwoqbBJiSnjAK/l8WvCWPIPm49" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.3/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-ChfqqxuZUCnJSK3+MXmPNIyE6ZbWh2IMqE241rYiqJxyMiZ6OW/JmZQ5stwEULTy" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" onclick="alert('my message');">Click Me!</button> <div class="alert alert-primary clearfix d-none" role="alert" id="alert"> <span id="alert-msg"></span><button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-primary float-right" onclick="closeAlert();">Close</button> </div>

---

Otherwise you could easily use modal and set its message like i did here:

 function setMessage(message) { document.getElementById('alert-message').innerHTML = message; // set your Message to the <span> inside your modal. }

 <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.3/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-MCw98/SFnGE8fJT3GXwEOngsV7Zt27NXFoaoApmYm81iuXoPkFOJwJ8ERdknLPMO" crossorigin="anonymous"> <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-q8i/X+965DzO0rT7abK41JStQIAqVgRVzpbzo5smXKp4YfRvH+8abtTE1Pi6jizo" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.14.3/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha384-ZMP7rVo3mIykV+2+9J3UJ46jBk0WLaUAdn689aCwoqbBJiSnjAK/l8WvCWPIPm49" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.3/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-ChfqqxuZUCnJSK3+MXmPNIyE6ZbWh2IMqE241rYiqJxyMiZ6OW/JmZQ5stwEULTy" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal" onclick="setMessage('My Message');"> Click Me! </button> <!-- Modal --> <div class="modal fade" id="exampleModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabel">Modal title</h5> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <span id="alert-message"></span> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button> </div> </div> </div> </div>

Answer 2

this is a 2 part solution.

First you would need HTML markup that represent the alert (and the trigger button)

<button id="btnShowAlert" type="button">Click Me!</button>
<div id="myAlert" style="display: none;" class="alert alert-primary" role="alert">
  my alternative message
</div>

Then secondly you would need the JavaScript (jQuery) that listens for click events on the button, then show the alert accordingly.

$('#btnShowAlert').on('click', function(){
    $('#myAlert').style('display', 'block');
});

My question is... Are you perhaps looking for Modals ???