打字稿语法

Question

I'm new to TypeScript, and working one of my company's repos that uses it heavily. (We're building a React/Redux app.) I'm familiar with the basic concept of TypeScript Generics, but a particular bit of syntax is befuddling. Here's an example of the code in question (it's in a reducer):

interface EntityState<Entity> {
  entity?: Entity;
  status: ApiStatus; // enum
}

interface FieldSummary {
    dataType?: string;
    // other properties...
}

function singleField(state: EntityState<FieldSummary> = defaultEntityState, 
  action: ActionTypes) {...}

Would someone be able to explain what EntityState<FieldSummary> is doing? If further details are needed just let me know.

Answer 1

It's an example of a generic type argument.

interface EntityState<Entity> {
  entity?: Entity;
  status: ApiStatus;
}

The interface will contain an optional entity? of a type to be defined later. For now, it has been called Entity .

When you use this interface, you supply the type, thus:

const stringEntity: EntityState<string>;

The property stringEntity.entity will either be a string or undefined (given it is optional).

const numEntity: EntityState<number>;

The property numEntity.entity will either be a number or undefined .

And so on. The type argument you supply when you use the interface can be any type that satisfies any constraints - in your case, the type parameter is unconstrained. It means you can re-use an interface because the type is defined later.