使用python从文件中提取带有字符串的行

Question

Team,

I want to extract some lines using a string(starts with tg_) from a file and i get the output as per below regex..the question is,

1. I am not sure how to extract the line if goes for 2 lines ends with \\ like below.

2. I don't know how to remove the special characters with the below existing below regexp.

*****from a file*******

tg_cr_counters dghbvcvgfv

tg_kk_bb a group1 bye bye bye hi hi hi 1 \\ <<<<
patch mac hdfh f dgf asadasf \\
dgfgmnhnjgfg

tg_cr_counters gthghtrhgh }} ] <<<<<

tg_cr_counters fkgnfkmngvd

import re

file = open("C:\\Users\\input.tcl", "r")
f1 = file.readlines()

output = open("extract.txt", "a+")

match_list = [ ]   

for item in f1:

    match_list = re.findall(r'[t][g][_]+\w+.*', item)
    if(len(match_list)>0):
        output.write(match_list[0]+"\r\n")
        print(match_list)

Answer 1

You can use regex with flags for re.MULTILINE and re.DOTALL .

This way a . will also match \\n and you can look for anything that starts with tg_ (no need to put each in [] ) and ends with a double \\n\\n (or end of text) \\Z :

fn = "t.txt"
with open (fn,"w") as f: 
    f.write("""*****from a file*******

tg_cr_counters dghbvcvgfv

tg_kk_bb a group1 bye bye bye hi hi hi 1 \ <<<<
patch mac hdfh f dgf asadasf \
dgfgmnhnjgfg

tg_cr_counters gthghtrhgh }} ] <<<<<

tg_cr_counters fkgnfkmngvd
""")

import re

with open("extract.txt", "a+") as o, open(fn) as f:
    for m in re.findall(r'^tg_.*?(?:\n\n|\Z)', f.read(), flags=re.M|re.S):
        o.write("-"*40+"\r\n")
        o.write(m)
        o.write("-"*40+"\r\n")

with open("extract.txt")as f:
    print(f.read())

Output (each match is between a line of ---------------------------------------- ):

----------------------------------------
tg_cr_counters dghbvcvgfv

----------------------------------------
----------------------------------------
tg_kk_bb a group1 bye bye bye hi hi hi 1 \ <<<<
patch mac hdfh f dgf asadasf dgfgmnhnjgfg

----------------------------------------
----------------------------------------
tg_cr_counters gthghtrhgh }} ] <<<<<

----------------------------------------
----------------------------------------
tg_cr_counters fkgnfkmngvd
----------------------------------------

re.findall() result looks like:

['tg_cr_counters dghbvcvgfv\n\n', 
 'tg_kk_bb a group1 bye bye bye hi hi hi 1 \\ <<<<\npatch mac hdfh f dgf asadasf dgfgmnhnjgfg\n\n', 
 'tg_cr_counters gthghtrhgh }} ] <<<<<\n\n', 
 'tg_cr_counters fkgnfkmngvd\n']

To enable multiline-searches you need to read in more then one line at a time - if your file is humongeous this will lead to memory problems.