在Swift iOS中从JSON响应访问值
[英]Accessing values from JSON Response in swift ios
问题描述
I have api it returns json response( https://pixabay.com/api/?key=10961259-e4e939648ed5abb6879f1fbbc&q=yellow+flowers&image_type=photo ) 
我有api，它返回json响应（ https://pixabay.com/api/?key=10961259-e4e939648ed5abb6879f1fbbc&q=yellow+flowers&image_type=photo ）
I want to access parameters( webformatURL, tags ) from the response. 我想从响应中访问参数（ webformatURL，tags ）。 I made URL session request and getting data is like below. 我提出了URL会话请求，获取数据如下所示。 How can i query and access those parameters from the response in swift. 如何快速从响应中查询和访问这些参数。 I'm new to programming please suggest me in swift. 我是编程新手，请尽快向我推荐。
//Mark:- Method to fetch data from the url
func getDataFromUrl(){
let url = URL(string: "https://pixabay.com/api/?key=10961259-e4e939648ed5abb6879f1fbbc&q=yellow+flowers&image_type=photo")
let request = NSMutableURLRequest(url: url!)
request.httpMethod = "GET"
let session = URLSession.shared
let dataTask = session.dataTask(with: request as URLRequest, completionHandler: { (data, response, error) -> Void in
if error == nil
{
do
{
let respDict = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data!, options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions.allowFragments)
print("Some Data: \(respDict)")
}
catch let error2 as NSError
{
print(error2)
}
}
})
dataTask.resume()
}
And the response is: 响应是：
{
"totalHits": 500,
"hits": [
{
"largeImageURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/ea35b70c2afc053ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_1280.jpg",
"webformatHeight": 426,
"webformatWidth": 640,
"likes": 848,
"imageWidth": 6000,
"id": 3063284,
"user_id": 1564471,
"views": 476351,
"comments": 191,
"pageURL": "https://pixabay.com/en/rose-flower-petal-floral-noble-3063284/",
"imageHeight": 4000,
"webformatURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/ea35b70c2afc053ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_640.jpg",
"type": "photo",
"previewHeight": 99,
"tags": "rose, flower, petal",
"downloads": 288342,
"user": "annca",
"favorites": 720,
"imageSize": 3574625,
"previewWidth": 150,
"userImageURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/user/2015/11/27/06-58-54-609_250x250.jpg",
"previewURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2018/01/05/16/24/rose-3063284_150.jpg"
},
{
"largeImageURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/ea34b00c2bf5093ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_1280.jpg",
"webformatHeight": 426,
"webformatWidth": 640,
"likes": 706,
"imageWidth": 2736,
"id": 3113318,
"user_id": 7410713,
"views": 342627,
"comments": 113,
"pageURL": "https://pixabay.com/en/sunflower-nature-flora-flower-3113318/",
"imageHeight": 1824,
"webformatURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/ea34b00c2bf5093ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_640.jpg",
"type": "photo",
"previewHeight": 99,
"tags": "sunflower, nature, flora",
"downloads": 242156,
"user": "bichnguyenvo",
"favorites": 454,
"imageSize": 1026006,
"previewWidth": 150,
"userImageURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/user/2017/12/16/10-28-39-199_250x250.jpg",
"previewURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2018/01/28/11/24/sunflower-3113318_150.jpg"
},
{
"largeImageURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/ea37b80d21f7033ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_1280.jpg",
"webformatHeight": 400,
"webformatWidth": 640,
"likes": 434,
"imageWidth": 3200,
"id": 3292932,
"user_id": 2216431,
"views": 184738,
"comments": 34,
"pageURL": "https://pixabay.com/en/sunflower-vase-vintage-retro-wall-3292932/",
"imageHeight": 2000,
"webformatURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/ea37b80d21f7033ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_640.jpg",
"type": "photo",
"previewHeight": 93,
"tags": "sunflower, vase, vintage",
"downloads": 146666,
"user": "Yuri_B",
"favorites": 593,
"imageSize": 2563708,
"previewWidth": 150,
"userImageURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/user/2018/01/15/10-52-15-382_250x250.png",
"previewURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2018/04/05/14/09/sun-flower-3292932_150.jpg"
},
{
"largeImageURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/eb37b80a2cf7053ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_1280.jpg",
"webformatHeight": 426,
"webformatWidth": 640,
"likes": 486,
"imageWidth": 5363,
"id": 2295434,
"user_id": 334088,
"views": 54291,
"comments": 33,
"pageURL": "https://pixabay.com/en/spring-bird-bird-tit-spring-blue-2295434/",
"imageHeight": 3575,
"webformatURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/eb37b80a2cf7053ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_640.jpg",
"type": "photo",
"previewHeight": 99,
"tags": "spring bird, bird, tit",
"downloads": 25018,
"user": "jill111",
"favorites": 548,
"imageSize": 2938651,
"previewWidth": 150,
"userImageURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/user/2018/06/27/01-23-02-27_250x250.jpg",
"previewURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2017/05/08/13/15/spring-bird-2295434_150.jpg"
},
{
"largeImageURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/ee34b40a2cf41c22d2524518b74d469fe576e0d010ac104491f4c47aaeeeb5bf_1280.jpg",
"webformatHeight": 360,
"webformatWidth": 640,
"likes": 258,
"imageWidth": 3020,
"id": 715540,
"user_id": 916237,
"views": 82194,
"comments": 31,
"pageURL": "https://pixabay.com/en/yellow-natural-flower-blossom-715540/",
"imageHeight": 1703,
"webformatURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/ee34b40a2cf41c22d2524518b74d469fe576e0d010ac104491f4c47aaeeeb5bf_640.jpg",
"type": "photo",
"previewHeight": 84,
"tags": "yellow, natural, flower",
"downloads": 39827,
"user": "Wow_Pho",
"favorites": 256,
"imageSize": 974940,
"previewWidth": 150,
"userImageURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/user/2015/04/07/14-10-15-590_250x250.jpg",
"previewURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2015/04/10/00/41/yellow-715540_150.jpg"
},
{
"largeImageURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/ea37b00a29fc093ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_1280.jpg",
"webformatHeight": 358,
"webformatWidth": 640,
"likes": 336,
"imageWidth": 2027,
"id": 3215188,
"user_id": 7097598,
"views": 135865,
"comments": 94,
"pageURL": "https://pixabay.com/en/flowers-orange-orange-petals-3215188/",
"imageHeight": 1134,
"webformatURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/ea37b00a29fc093ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_640.jpg",
"type": "photo",
"previewHeight": 83,
"tags": "flowers, orange, orange petals",
"downloads": 93385,
"user": "Candiix",
"favorites": 274,
"imageSize": 399066,
"previewWidth": 150,
"userImageURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/user/2017/12/06/20-08-45-84_250x250.jpg",
"previewURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2018/03/10/20/26/flowers-3215188_150.jpg"
},
{
"largeImageURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/e830b20928fc093ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_1280.jpg",
"webformatHeight": 419,
"webformatWidth": 640,
"likes": 235,
"imageWidth": 4896,
"id": 1536088,
"user_id": 1195798,
"views": 268764,
"comments": 53,
"pageURL": "https://pixabay.com/en/sunflower-flower-bloom-yellow-1536088/",
"imageHeight": 3208,
"webformatURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/e830b20928fc093ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_640.jpg",
"type": "photo",
"previewHeight": 98,
"tags": "sunflower, flower, bloom",
"downloads": 40996,
"user": "Couleur",
"favorites": 203,
"imageSize": 5103399,
"previewWidth": 150,
"userImageURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/user/2018/09/29/00-20-33-645_250x250.jpg",
"previewURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2016/07/23/00/12/sun-flower-1536088_150.jpg"
},
{
"largeImageURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/eb34b50a2df7083ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_1280.jpg",
"webformatHeight": 390,
"webformatWidth": 640,
"likes": 306,
"imageWidth": 4000,
"id": 2145539,
"user_id": 2364555,
"views": 36019,
"comments": 27,
"pageURL": "https://pixabay.com/en/crocus-flower-wet-spring-2145539/",
"imageHeight": 2443,
"webformatURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/eb34b50a2df7083ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_640.jpg",
"type": "photo",
"previewHeight": 91,
"tags": "crocus, flower, wet",
"downloads": 20750,
"user": "pixel2013",
"favorites": 286,
"imageSize": 823922,
"previewWidth": 150,
"userImageURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/user/2018/02/25/16-46-24-974_250x250.jpg",
"previewURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2017/03/15/09/00/crocus-2145539_150.jpg"
},
{
"largeImageURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/ec33b50e2ce90021d85a5854e74c4f90e275e7dc04b0144591f5c270a4edb2_1280.jpg",
"webformatHeight": 428,
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"id": 56414,
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"comments": 75,
"pageURL": "https://pixabay.com/en/anemone-flower-blossom-bloom-blue-56414/",
"imageHeight": 2592,
"webformatURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/ec33b50e2ce90021d85a5854e74c4f90e275e7dc04b0144591f5c270a4edb2_640.jpg",
"type": "photo",
"previewHeight": 100,
"tags": "anemone, flower, blossom",
"downloads": 20907,
"user": "Albenheim",
"favorites": 364,
"imageSize": 770723,
"previewWidth": 150,
"userImageURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/user/2012/09/08/21-14-56-990_250x250.jpg",
"previewURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2012/09/08/21/51/anemone-56414_150.jpg"
},
{
"largeImageURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/e830b00d20f5023ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_1280.jpg",
"webformatHeight": 323,
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"id": 1512813,
"user_id": 2364555,
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"pageURL": "https://pixabay.com/en/lily-flowers-early-flower-garden-1512813/",
"imageHeight": 1952,
"webformatURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/e830b00d20f5023ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_640.jpg",
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"previewURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2016/07/12/18/54/lily-1512813_150.jpg"
},
{
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{
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"pageURL": "https://pixabay.com/en/drip-blossom-bloom-yellow-1972411/",
"imageHeight": 2499,
"webformatURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/e83cb60d2cf5003ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_640.jpg",
"type": "photo",
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"userImageURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/user/2015/12/16/17-56-55-832_250x250.jpg",
"previewURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2017/01/11/17/27/drip-1972411_150.jpg"
},
{
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"webformatURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/e834b30829f3053ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_640.jpg",
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"userImageURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/user/2016/01/05/14-08-20-943_250x250.jpg",
"previewURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2016/01/08/05/24/sunflower-1127174_150.jpg"
},
{
"largeImageURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/e834b2082bf11c22d2524518b74d469fe576e0d010ac104491f4c47aaeeeb5bf_1280.jpg",
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"comments": 29,
"pageURL": "https://pixabay.com/en/rose-flower-yellow-yellow-rose-113735/",
"imageHeight": 1337,
"webformatURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/e834b2082bf11c22d2524518b74d469fe576e0d010ac104491f4c47aaeeeb5bf_640.jpg",
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},
{
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"previewURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2016/04/09/23/10/girl-1319114_150.jpg"
},
{
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"imageHeight": 4000,
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"previewWidth": 150,
"userImageURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/user/2018/06/04/17-13-01-772_250x250.jpg",
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{
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},
{
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{
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"favorites": 257,
"imageSize": 4290219,
"previewWidth": 150,
"userImageURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/user/2017/02/22/12-32-00-453_250x250.jpg",
"previewURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2017/06/15/10/25/summer-2404769_150.jpg"
},
{
"largeImageURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/ea33b50f21f7043ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_1280.jpg",
"webformatHeight": 426,
"webformatWidth": 640,
"likes": 213,
"imageWidth": 5574,
"id": 3640935,
"user_id": 334088,
"views": 103667,
"comments": 54,
"pageURL": "https://pixabay.com/en/sunflowers-field-woman-yellow-3640935/",
"imageHeight": 3717,
"webformatURL": "https://pixabay.com/get/ea33b50f21f7043ed1584d05fb1d4796ea71e3d71cb80c4090f4c57ca4e4b6b8df_640.jpg",
"type": "photo",
"previewHeight": 99,
"tags": "sunflowers, field, woman",
"downloads": 86701,
"user": "jill111",
"favorites": 186,
"imageSize": 4970597,
"previewWidth": 150,
"userImageURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/user/2018/06/27/01-23-02-27_250x250.jpg",
"previewURL": "https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2018/08/29/22/52/sunflowers-3640935_150.jpg"
}
],
"total": 17148
}
4 个解决方案
解决方案1
4 2018-12-11 17:55:11
You are getting one JSON object with keys: 您将获得一个带有键的JSON对象：
- totalHits 总命中
- hits 命中
- total 总
In the above three keys, value of https is another JSON array having many json objects inside it. 在以上三个键中，https的值是另一个内部有许多json对象的JSON数组。 you can get that object by 你可以通过得到那个对象
let respDict = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data!, options: JSONSerialization.ReadingOptions.allowFragments) as! [String:Any]
let httpDictArray = respDict["hits"] as! [Any]
for dictionary in httpDictArray{
if let dict = dictionary as? [String:Any]
{
let webFormatUrl = dict["webformatURL"] as! String
let tags = dict["tags"] as! String
}
}
Here tags is a string which is a concatenation of many words separated by comma. 这里的标签是一个字符串，由许多用逗号分隔的单词组成。 so from tags string you can get the array of tags as 因此，您可以从标签字符串中获取标签数组
let tagArray = tags.components(separatedBy: ", ")
解决方案2
3 已采纳 2018-12-11 17:41:15
The Decodable protocol is the most convenient way to parse JSON in Swift 4+ Decodable协议是在Swift 4+中解析JSON的最便捷方法
struct Root : Decodable {
let totalHits : Int
let hits : [Hit]
}
struct Hit : Decodable {
let webformatURL : URL
let tags : String
}
func getDataFromUrl() {
let url = URL(string: "https://pixabay.com/api/?key=10961259-e4e939648ed5abb6879f1fbbc&q=yellow+flowers&image_type=photo")
let session = URLSession.shared
let dataTask = session.dataTask(with: url!) { data, response, error in
guard let data = data else { print(error!); return }
do {
let result = try JSONDecoder().decode(Root.self, from: data)
let hits = result.hits
for hit in hits {
print("webformatURL: ", hit.webformatURL, "tags:", hit.tags)
}
} catch {
print(error)
}
}
dataTask.resume()
}
getDataFromUrl()
Note: 注意：
An URLRequest is not needed in this case and don't use NSMutableURLRequest in Swift anyway. 在这种情况下，不需要URLRequest ，并且无论如何不要在Swift中使用NSMutableURLRequest 。
解决方案3
0 2018-12-11 17:42:02
Now that you have your response in a dictionary, you can do the following to get the hits : 现在您已经在字典中得到了答复，您可以执行以下操作来获得hits ：
guard let results = respDict as? [String: Any],
let hits = results["hits"] as? Array<[String:Any]> else {
return
}
Now, when you have the hits, let's transform this array of objects into two array. 现在，当您获得成功时，让我们将该对象数组转换为两个数组。 array of urls, and array of tags. 网址数组和标记数组。
let urls = hits.flatMap { $0["webformatURL"] as? String }
let tags = hits.flatMap { $0["tags"] as? String }
There you go! 你去！
解决方案4
0 2018-12-12 09:33:34
Here is the simple approach, 这是简单的方法，
struct HitResponse: Codable {
var total: Int
var totalHits: Int
var hits: [HitObject]
}
struct HitObject: Codable {
var largeImageURL: String
var webformatHeight: Int
var webformatWidth: Int
var likes: Int
var imageWidth: Int
var id: Int
var user_id: Int
var views: Int
var comments: Int
var pageURL: String
var imageHeight: Int
var webformatURL: String
var type: String
var previewHeight: Int
var tags: String
var downloads: Int
var user: String
var favorites: Int
var imageSize: Int
var previewWidth: Int
var userImageURL: String
var previewURL: String
}
enum APIResponse {
case success(result: Result)
case error(error: Error)
}
struct Result{
var object: Any
}
class APIRequester {
static func request(for url: URL, completionHandler: @escaping (_ response: APIResponse)->Void) {
let sesseion = URLSession.shared
let task = sesseion.dataTask(with: url) { (data, urlResponse, error) in
// data mapping to model
if let lData = data {
do {
let decode = try JSONDecoder().decode(HitResponse.self, from: lData)
let responseMap: APIResponse = .success(result: Result(object: decode))
completionHandler(responseMap)
}catch let mappingError {
let responseMap: APIResponse = .error(error: mappingError)
completionHandler(responseMap)
}
}
//fall back original error
let responseMap: APIResponse = .error(error: error!)
completionHandler(responseMap)
}
task.resume()
}
}
// Usage
let url = URL(string: "https://pixabay.com/api/?key=10961259-e4e939648ed5abb6879f1fbbc&q=yellow+flowers&image_type=photo")
APIRequester.request(for: url!) { (response) in
switch response {
case .success(let result):
if let hitResponse = result.object as? HitResponse {
for hit in hitResponse.hits {
//the final output
print(hit.tags)
print(hit.webformatURL)
print("\n")
}
}
case .error(let error):
// handle error
print("error \(error)")
}
}
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