使用python读取txt文件的每一行并将其部分分成csv文件
[英]read each line of a txt file and section parts out into a csv file using python
问题描述
I have a txt file that is formatted to have each line have a maximum of 784 characters. 
我有一个txt文件，其格式设置为每行最多784个字符。 Each line will be a row in the csv and certain lengths of characters are the columns. 每行将是csv中的一行，并且某些长度的字符是列。
I have it working to run perfectly on the first line but I cannot figure out how to get it to run on every line in the file. 我可以使其在第一行上完美运行，但是我无法弄清楚如何使其在文件的每一行上运行。 I have tried a few different approaches but I think I am just going down the wrong rabbit holes. 我尝试了几种不同的方法，但是我认为我只是走错了兔子洞。 I hope you guys can help! 希望大家能帮忙！ The code is below: 代码如下：
with open('file.txt', 'r') as f, open('file.csv', 'w') as out_f:
each_line = f.readline()
filet = each_line[0]
srcky = each_line[1: 33]
clmst = each_line[34]
postd = each_line[35:43]
rcvdt = each_line[43:51]
mbrno = each_line[51:62]
pelcd = each_line[62:64]
plname = each_line[64:89]
pmfnam = each_line[89:114]
pmbidt = each_line[114:122]
pmbsex = each_line[122]
mmbrno = each_line[123:134]
mlname = each_line[134:159]
mmfnam = each_line[159:184]
mmbsex = each_line[184]
mmbidt = each_line[185:193]
grpid = each_line[193:199]
plncd = each_line[199:202]
aprno = each_line[202:211]
prvno = each_line[211:217]
psnam = each_line[217:232]
ptype = each_line[232:242]
pazip = each_line[242:251]
pprov = each_line[251]
lineCounter = each_line[252:260]
ssvdt = each_line[260:268]
ensvdt = each_line[268:276]
enplsv = each_line[276:278]
ensrsn = each_line[278:280]
becat = each_line[280:283]
diag1 = each_line[283:291]
diag2 = each_line[291:299]
diag3 = each_line[299:307]
diag4 = each_line[307:315]
diag5 = each_line[315:323]
diag6 = each_line[323:331]
diag7 = each_line[331:339]
diag8 = each_line[339:347]
diag9 = each_line[347:355]
diag10 = each_line[355:363]
endxf1 = each_line[363]
endxf2 = each_line[364]
endxf3 = each_line[365]
endxf4 = each_line[366]
pcdcd = each_line[367:376]
emod1 = each_line[376:378]
emod2 = each_line[378:380]
emod3 = each_line[380:382]
emod4 = each_line[382:384]
pcdqt = each_line[384:387]
pcdqt1 = each_line[387:389]
bilam = each_line[389:400]
netam = each_line[400:411]
alwam = each_line[411:422]
dctam = each_line[422:433]
copam = each_line[433:444]
ncvam = each_line[444:455]
cobsv = each_line[455:466]
ncrsn = each_line[466:468]
revcd = each_line[468:472]
drgcd = each_line[472:475]
sprc1 = each_line[475:483]
sprc2 = each_line[483:491]
sprc3 = each_line[491:499]
sprc4 = each_line[499:507]
sprc5 = each_line[507:515]
sprc6 = each_line[515:523]
filetc = each_line[523:570]
vvndno = each_line[570:580]
vname = each_line[580:610]
vadd1 = each_line[610:665]
vadd2 = each_line[665:720]
vcity = each_line[720:735]
vstate = each_line[735:737]
vzip = each_line[737:746]
hpatc = each_line[746:784]
icdver = each_line[784]
newfile = (filet + ',' + srcky + ',' + clmst + ',' + postd + ',' + rcvdt + ',' + mbrno + ',' + pelcd + ',' + plname + ',' + pmfnam + ',' + pmbidt + ',' + pmbsex + ',' + mmbrno + ',' + mlname + ',' + mmfnam + ',' + mmbsex + ',' + mmbidt + ',' + grpid + ',' + plncd + ',' + aprno + ',' + prvno + ',' + psnam + ',' + ptype + ',' + pazip + ',' + pprov + ',' + lineCounter + ',' + ssvdt + ',' + ensvdt + ',' + enplsv + ',' + ensrsn + ',' + becat + ',' + diag1 + ',' + diag2 + ',' + diag3 + ',' + diag4 + ',' + diag5 + ',' + diag6 + ',' + diag7 + ',' + diag8 +
',' + diag9 + ',' + diag10 + ',' + endxf1 + ',' + endxf2 + ',' + endxf3 + ',' + endxf4 + ',' + pcdcd + ',' + emod1 + ',' + emod2 + ',' + emod3 + ',' + emod4 + ',' + pcdqt + ',' + pcdqt1 + ',' + bilam + ',' + netam + ',' + alwam + ',' + dctam + ',' + copam + ',' + ncvam + ',' + cobsv + ',' + ncrsn + ',' + revcd + ',' + drgcd + ',' + sprc1 + ',' + sprc2 + ',' + sprc3 + ',' + sprc4 + ',' + sprc5 + ',' + sprc6 + ',' + filetc + ',' + vvndno + ',' + vname + ',' + vadd1 + ',' + vadd2 + ',' + vcity + ',' + vstate + ',' + vzip + ',' + hpatc + ',' + icdver)
out_f.write(str(newfile))
out_f.close
2 个解决方案
解决方案1
0 2018-12-30 22:48:23
You need to iterate over each line in the input file with a for loop. 您需要使用for循环遍历输入文件中的每一行。 Also, you do not need to close a file handle inside a with statement 另外，您不需要在with语句中关闭文件句柄
with open('file.txt', 'r') as f, open('file.csv', 'w') as out_f:
for each_line in f:
filet = each_line[0]
srcky = each_line[1: 33]
clmst = each_line[34]
postd = each_line[35:43]
rcvdt = each_line[43:51]
mbrno = each_line[51:62]
pelcd = each_line[62:64]
plname = each_line[64:89]
pmfnam = each_line[89:114]
pmbidt = each_line[114:122]
pmbsex = each_line[122]
mmbrno = each_line[123:134]
mlname = each_line[134:159]
mmfnam = each_line[159:184]
mmbsex = each_line[184]
mmbidt = each_line[185:193]
grpid = each_line[193:199]
plncd = each_line[199:202]
aprno = each_line[202:211]
prvno = each_line[211:217]
psnam = each_line[217:232]
ptype = each_line[232:242]
pazip = each_line[242:251]
pprov = each_line[251]
lineCounter = each_line[252:260]
ssvdt = each_line[260:268]
ensvdt = each_line[268:276]
enplsv = each_line[276:278]
ensrsn = each_line[278:280]
becat = each_line[280:283]
diag1 = each_line[283:291]
diag2 = each_line[291:299]
diag3 = each_line[299:307]
diag4 = each_line[307:315]
diag5 = each_line[315:323]
diag6 = each_line[323:331]
diag7 = each_line[331:339]
diag8 = each_line[339:347]
diag9 = each_line[347:355]
diag10 = each_line[355:363]
endxf1 = each_line[363]
endxf2 = each_line[364]
endxf3 = each_line[365]
endxf4 = each_line[366]
pcdcd = each_line[367:376]
emod1 = each_line[376:378]
emod2 = each_line[378:380]
emod3 = each_line[380:382]
emod4 = each_line[382:384]
pcdqt = each_line[384:387]
pcdqt1 = each_line[387:389]
bilam = each_line[389:400]
netam = each_line[400:411]
alwam = each_line[411:422]
dctam = each_line[422:433]
copam = each_line[433:444]
ncvam = each_line[444:455]
cobsv = each_line[455:466]
ncrsn = each_line[466:468]
revcd = each_line[468:472]
drgcd = each_line[472:475]
sprc1 = each_line[475:483]
sprc2 = each_line[483:491]
sprc3 = each_line[491:499]
sprc4 = each_line[499:507]
sprc5 = each_line[507:515]
sprc6 = each_line[515:523]
filetc = each_line[523:570]
vvndno = each_line[570:580]
vname = each_line[580:610]
vadd1 = each_line[610:665]
vadd2 = each_line[665:720]
vcity = each_line[720:735]
vstate = each_line[735:737]
vzip = each_line[737:746]
hpatc = each_line[746:784]
icdver = each_line[784]
newline = (filet + ',' + srcky + ',' + clmst + ',' + postd + ',' + rcvdt + ',' + mbrno + ',' + pelcd + ',' + plname + ',' + pmfnam + ',' + pmbidt + ',' + pmbsex + ',' + mmbrno + ',' + mlname + ',' + mmfnam + ',' + mmbsex + ',' + mmbidt + ',' + grpid + ',' + plncd + ',' + aprno + ',' + prvno + ',' + psnam + ',' + ptype + ',' + pazip + ',' + pprov + ',' + lineCounter + ',' + ssvdt + ',' + ensvdt + ',' + enplsv + ',' + ensrsn + ',' + becat + ',' + diag1 + ',' + diag2 + ',' + diag3 + ',' + diag4 + ',' + diag5 + ',' + diag6 + ',' + diag7 + ',' + diag8 +
',' + diag9 + ',' + diag10 + ',' + endxf1 + ',' + endxf2 + ',' + endxf3 + ',' + endxf4 + ',' + pcdcd + ',' + emod1 + ',' + emod2 + ',' + emod3 + ',' + emod4 + ',' + pcdqt + ',' + pcdqt1 + ',' + bilam + ',' + netam + ',' + alwam + ',' + dctam + ',' + copam + ',' + ncvam + ',' + cobsv + ',' + ncrsn + ',' + revcd + ',' + drgcd + ',' + sprc1 + ',' + sprc2 + ',' + sprc3 + ',' + sprc4 + ',' + sprc5 + ',' + sprc6 + ',' + filetc + ',' + vvndno + ',' + vname + ',' + vadd1 + ',' + vadd2 + ',' + vcity + ',' + vstate + ',' + vzip + ',' + hpatc + ',' + icdver)
out_f.write(str(newline))
解决方案2
0 已采纳 2018-12-31 09:03:51
In addition to @Joshua observation about a for loop, you can generalize the algorithm for shorter code. 除了@Joshua关于for循环的观察之外，您还可以将算法推广到更短的代码。 There may be an error in the OP's code as well. OP的代码中也可能有错误。 each_line[33] is skipped. each_line[33]被跳过。 If intentional, the code below accounts for it: 如果有意，请使用下面的代码：
import csv
# starts for each column
cols = (0,1,34,35,43,51,62,64,89,114,122,123,134,159,184,185,193,199,202,211,
217,232,242,251,252,260,268,276,278,280,283,291,299,307,315,323,331,
339,347,355,363,364,365,366,367,376,378,380,382,384,387,389,400,411,
422,433,444,455,466,468,472,475,483,491,499,507,515,523,570,580,610,
665,720,735,737,746,784,785)
# newline='' per csv documentation.
with open('file.txt') as f, open('file.csv','w',newline='') as out_f:
writer = csv.writer(out_f)
for each_line in f:
line = []
for i in range(len(cols)-1):
# compute the slice for each column
start,end = cols[i],cols[i+1]
# This may be an error in OP's code, but each_line[33] is skipped.
if end == 34:
end = 33
line.append(each_line[start:end])
writer.writerow(line)
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