如何在vim中查找和替换这样的东西？

Question

Input

if(statement)
{

to Ouput

if ( statement ) {

I can find the input using

/if(\S\(.*\))

Explanation :

if( is the keyword to be searched , \\S to negate whitespace , (.*) for anything in between and ) end bracket.

Need :

Trying to automate coding guideline over code written w/o coding guideline plus I am a lazy coder who wants to run autocmd for coding guidelines.

EDIT :

:%s/if(\S\(.*\)\S)/if ( \1 )/gc

Came very close but it removes the first character after the 'if(' and last char before ')'

Answer 1

:%s/if(\(\S.*\S\))/if ( \1 )/gc

\\1 here is for replacing the first match pattern that is between ( ) so in my case it was \\S.*\\S

\\S.*\\S is for anything without any whitespace.

Answer 2

There's no need for :substitute here; you already have the regular expression, you can use that with :global to find all lines and then :join them with the next one:

:global /if(\S\(.*\))/join

If you prefer :substitute , you can do that as well, by matching the newline ( \\n ), any indent, and the opening curly. I use \\zs here to limit the match; this saves me from using capturing groups :

:%substitute/if(\S\(.*\)\zs\n\s*{/ {/

Attention! Caveats

You say your intention is automation of coding guidelines. While Vim commands such as the above are fine for occasional tactical edits, I would not base an automated (presumably not thoroughly checked by a human) tool on regular expressions, as they can only approximate the syntax of most programming languages. It's fine for Vim's syntax highlighting, where you can live with the occasional misrepresentation. It's something different to directly work on the source code itself. For that, there are better tools that directly implement the language's syntax rules (usually not via regular expressions, but a full-blown and tested parser). You don't mention the language, but a quick search for «language» linter or «language» code style check should give you something to start.

Answer 3

试试这个 vim 自动化表达式：

:%s/\vif\((.*)\)/if ( \1 )/gc