在未应用中找不到Scala无形状的Generic.Aux隐式参数

Question

I encountered the following problem with implicits in Scala, using Shapeless's Generic.Aux :

  case class Complex(re: Double, im: Double)

  object Prod2 {
    def unapply[C, A, B](c: C)(implicit C: Generic.Aux[C, A :: B :: HNil]) = Some((C.to(c).head, C.to(c).tail.head))
  }

  val c = Complex(1.0, 2.0)
  val Prod2(re, im) = c

The code above does not compile. It reports

Error:(22, 7) could not find implicit value for parameter C: shapeless.Generic.Aux[nexus.ops.Test.Complex,A :: B :: shapeless.HNil]
  val Prod2(re, im) = c
Error:(22, 7) not enough arguments for method unapply: (implicit C: shapeless.Generic.Aux[nexus.ops.Test.Complex,A :: B :: shapeless.HNil])Some[(A, B)].
Unspecified value parameter C.
  val Prod2(re, im) = c

However, if I manually do

implicitly[Generic.Aux[Complex, Double :: Double :: HNil]]

it is perfectly OK to derive this implicit instance.

Answer 1

The following code works:

import shapeless.ops.hlist.IsHCons
import shapeless.{::, Generic, HList, HNil}

case class Complex(re: Double, im: Double)

object Prod2 {
  def unapply[C, L <: HList, H, T <: HList, H1, T1 <: HList](c: C)(implicit
    C: Generic.Aux[C, L],
    isHCons: IsHCons.Aux[L, H, T],
    isHCons1: IsHCons.Aux[T, H1, T1]) = Some((C.to(c).head, C.to(c).tail.head))
}

val c = Complex(1.0, 2.0)
val Prod2(re, im) = c

Answer 2

Unfortunately the compiler simply isn't smart enough to perform the unification that would be necessary to infer A and B here. You can read about some of the details of this problem in section 4.3 of Underscore's Type Astronaut's Guide to Shapeless . The book provides a workaround using IsHCons , but in this case I think requiring a <:< proof is a little cleaner:

import shapeless.{::, Generic, HList, HNil}

case class Complex(re: Double, im: Double)

object Prod2 {
  def unapply[C, L <: HList, A, B](c: C)(implicit
    C: Generic.Aux[C, L],
    ev: L <:< (A :: B :: HNil)
  ) = Some((C.to(c).head, C.to(c).tail.head))
}

And then:

scala> val c = Complex(1.0, 2.0)
c: Complex = Complex(1.0,2.0)

scala> val Prod2(re, im) = c
re: Double = 1.0
im: Double = 2.0

It's disappointing, but this is a workaround you'll need over and over if you work with Shapeless, so it's good to have it in your toolbox.