使结构不可变有意义吗？

Question

Since I came to C from higher level Java where we don't have type quialifiers like const in order to make a type immutable we have to declare all its members final and be sure the members are immutable by themselves.

By contract, in C we have type quialifier const .

To be more specific, let me provide an example I'm currently stuck with. I have the following

application.h :

struct application_config_t{
    int poll_interval;
    int compression_ratio;
    //other config parameters
};

struct application_t{  //This structure make me confused
    void (*run_application)(struct application_t*);
    void (*stop_application)(struct application_t*);
};

struct application_t* create_app(const struct application_config_t);
void release_app(struct application_t*);

I'm not sure about how to define application_t structure. Its only purpose is to do the actaul run with run_application and to handle SIGINT with stop_application to perform graceful shutdown and then after stop_application returns to call release_app(struct application_t*) to free the memory.

I have the following case to choose:

I . Immutable application_t

struct application_t{
    void (*const run_application)(struct application_t*);
    void (*const stop_application)(struct application_t*);
}

I think this is fine because once created an application should not be modified. But creation of such an immutable structure will entail memcpy call anyway...

II . Mutable application_t while create application will be declared as

const struct application_t* create_app(const struct application_config_t);

This would be fine, but I want to release the memory pointed to by struct application_t* after stop_application returns. Releasing struct application_t* means that appliaction_t is not really const . And usage like

struct application_config_t cfg;
//...
const struct application_t *app_ptr = create_app(cfg);
(app_ptr -> run_application)(app_ptr);
release_app((struct application_t *) app_ptr); //const cast

would require cast against const ness.

Answer 1

Releasing struct application_t* means that appliaction is not really const

Actually it is. The client code could not mutate it, and should not be using it further after handing it over to release_app anyway. It is const throughout its lifetime, and if release_app accepts by a pointer to const, it will be semantically correct (just do the cast inside release_app ).

Why do I say it will be semantically correct? Because when create_app allocates space for the structure and initializes it, it isn't const in there, is it? The const is added later as part of a contract. So accepting a const pointer in release_app is just following the same contract you already established. The fact the API pair knows the storage can be mutated doesn't break the contract.