使用XArray滚动分位数

Question

Is there a xArray way of computing quantiles on a DataArray.rolling window? The listed available methods include mean or median , but nothing on quantiles/percentiles. I was wondering if this could be somehow done even though there is no direct way.

Currently, I am locally migrating the xArray data to a pandas.DataFrame , where I apply the rolling().quantile() sequence. After that, I take the values of the new DataFrame and build a xArray.DataArray from it. The reproducible code:

import xarray as xr
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

times = np.arange(0, 30)
locs = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D'] 

signal = xr.DataArray(np.random.rand(len(times), len(locs)), 
                      coords=[times, locs], dims=['time', 'locations'])
window = 5

df = pd.DataFrame(data=signal.data)
roll = df.rolling(window=window, center=True, axis=0).quantile(.25).dropna()
window_array = xr.DataArray(roll.values, 
            coords=[np.arange(0, signal.time.shape[0] - window + 1), signal.locations], 
            dims=['time', 'locations'])

Any clue to stick to xArray as much as possible is welcome.

Let us consider the same problem, only smaller in size (10 time instances, 2 locations).

Here is the input of the first method (via pandas ):

<xarray.DataArray (time: 8, locations: 2)>
array([[0.404362, 0.076203],
       [0.353639, 0.076203],
       [0.387167, 0.102917],
       [0.525404, 0.298231],
       [0.755646, 0.298231],
       [0.460749, 0.414935],
       [0.104887, 0.498813],
       [0.104887, 0.420935]])
Coordinates:
* time       (time) int32 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
* locations  (locations) <U1 'A' 'B'

Note that the 'time' dimension is smaller, due to calling dropna() on the rolling object. The new dimension size is basically len(times) - window + 1 . Now, the output for the proposed method (via construct ):

<xarray.DataArray (time: 10, locations: 2)>
array([[0.438426, 0.127881],
       [0.404362, 0.076203],
       [0.353639, 0.076203],
       [0.387167, 0.102917],
       [0.525404, 0.298231],
       [0.755646, 0.298231],
       [0.460749, 0.414935],
       [0.104887, 0.498813],
       [0.104887, 0.420935],
       [0.112651, 0.60338 ]])
Coordinates:
* time       (time) int32 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
* locations  (locations) <U1 'A' 'B'

It seems like the dimensions are still (time, locations) , with the size of the former equal to 10, not 8. In the example here, since center=True , the two results are the same if you remove the first and the last rows in the second array. Shouldn't the DataArray have a new dimension, the tmp ?

Also, this method (with bottleneck installed) takes more than the one initially proposed via pandas . For example, on a case study of 1000 times x 2 locations , the pandas run takes 0.015 s, while the construct one takes 1.25 s.

Answer 1

You can use construct method of the rolling object, which generates a new DataArray with the rolling dimension.

signal.rolling(time=window, center=True).construct('tmp').quantile(.25, dim='tmp')

Above, I constructed a DataArray with additional tmp dimension and compute quantile along this dimension.