如何使用Java Optional转换复杂条件

Question

Consider the following class

Class RequestBodyResource {
    private RequestVariable1 att1;
    private String att2;
    private String att3;
}

I have a method that should return false in 2 conditions

• If all the 3 attributes of the RequestBodyResource Object is null/empty
• If more than one attribute is not null

Basically "at least one" OR "at most one"

The code for the same is as

public boolean validateExactlyOneRequiredRequestParam(RequestBodyResource request) {

    //The below 3 conditions are to test that only one request is present
    if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(request.getAtt3()) && null != request.getAtt1()) {
        return false;
    }
    if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(request.getAtt2()) && null != request.getAtt1()) {
        return false;
    }
    if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(request.getAtt3()) && StringUtils.isNotEmpty(request.getAtt2())) {
        return false;
    }

    //The below condition is to test that at least one request is present
    if(StringUtils.isEmpty(request.getAtt3()) && null == request.getAtt1() && StringUtils.isEmpty(request.getAtt2())) {
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

How to use Java 8 Optional to make this code much easier to write and read?

Answer 1

Why not just count?

int count = 0;
if(request.getAtt1() !=null) {
    count++;
}
if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(request.getAtt2())) {
    count++;
}
if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(request.getAtt3())) {
    count++;
}

return count == 1;

Version with Optional (do not use, it is added just for fun).

    return Optional.ofNullable(request.getAtt1()).map(ignore -> 1).orElse(0)
            + Optional.ofNullable(request.getAtt2()).map(ignore -> 1).orElse(0)
            + Optional.ofNullable(request.getAtt3()).map(ignore -> 1).orElse(0) 
           == 1;

Also it lack of check of empty strings.

Answer 2

There is no need for an Optional here as such. If you just need to check if at least one of those attributes are present, you could simply check it as:

public boolean validateAtLeastOneRequiredRequestParam(RequestBodyResource request) {
    return request.getAtt1() != null 
            || !StringUtils.isEmpty(request.getAtt3()) 
            || !StringUtils.isEmpty(request.getAtt2());
}

Edit 1 : For an exactly one check, not so good yet more readable(IMHO) than your current solution would be:

public boolean validateExactlyOneRequiredRequestParam(RequestBodyResource request) {
    long countPresentAttribute = Stream.of(request.getAtt2(), request.getAtt3())
            .filter(StringUtils::isNotEmpty)
            .count() + 
            Stream.of(request.getAtt1()).filter(Objects::nonNull).count();
    return countPresentAttribute == 1;
}

Edit 2 : Using Optional and getting rid of an external dependency on StringUtils , you could do it as :

public boolean validateExactlyOneRequiredRequestParam(RequestBodyResource request) {
    long countPresentAttribute = Stream.of(
                Optional.ofNullable(request.getAtt1()),
                Optional.ofNullable(request.getAtt2()).filter(String::isEmpty),
                Optional.ofNullable(request.getAtt3()).filter(String::isEmpty))
            .filter(Optional::isPresent)
            .count();
    return countPresentAttribute == 1;
}