为iOS构建后出现Ionic应用链接器错误

Question

I am developing an app using the Ionic 4 framework and am currently attempting to build it for iOS and release it to the App Store. The error I am getting is when I attempt to run the app in Xcode, it will fail in the linking phase with the following error:

ld: 346 duplicate symbols for architecture x86_64 clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation).

This is preceded by a list of the duplicate symbols like so:

duplicate symbol _OBJC_IVAR_$_FIRInstanceIDURLQueryItem._name in: /Users/james/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/Jambox-ataoinheliizvyaczvbklhkqvhpf/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/FirebaseInstanceID/libFirebaseInstanceID.a(FIRInstanceIDURLQueryItem.o) Jambox/Plugins/cordova-plugin-firebase/FirebaseInstanceID.framework/FirebaseInstanceID(FIRInstanceIDURLQueryItem_ce817fff617a4255d51c2a25da32a1f0.o)

These are relating to the following frameworks:

• FirebaseInstanceID.framework

• GoogleUtilities.framework

• nanopb.framework

• FirebaseCore.framework

I have tried a few solutions to this problem, but none result in success:

1). Removing -ObjC and $(inherited) from Other Linker Flags - this causes the app to build and link successfully, but crash on startup with this error:

*** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '+[FIRApp registerAsConfigurable:]: unrecognized selector sent to class 0x1080bc178'

2). Removing each framework in the list of duplicate symbols - this helps in lowering the number of duplicate symbols. I can get it down to 65 duplicate symbols until I have to remove GoogleUtilities.framework, which causes the build the fail with this error:

Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"_OBJC_CLASS_$_GULObjectSwizzler", referenced from: objc-class-ref in FirebasePerformance(FPRObjectInstrumentor_f65d32035cadef24185912716f0b12f9.o) objc-class-ref in FirebasePerformance(FPRNetworkTrace_3053ec2ab59f2fcfec4b18c29e4b4cec.o) objc-class-ref in FirebasePerformance(FPRNSURLConnectionInstrument_5611d225f62417fa73742554b6a45401.o) ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64 clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

3). Deleting DerivedData folder - I get the same errors after doing this.

4). Removing and adding the iOS platform - Same errors.

Answer 1

In my case, this problem arose when using phonegap-plugin-push and cordova-plugin-firebase-analytics together. I found the fix in this issue thread .

Basically, go to your Project Navigator in Xcode, then 'Build Phases', expand 'Link Binary With Libraries', click '+' and Add 'libGoogleToolboxForMac.a' and 'libPodsYourProjectName.a' and redo the build.