使用 bash 在 Linux 中的文件夹中查找拥有文件的所有用户

Question

I am trying to find all the users that own files in a specific path. Right now I am using find with sort and uniq but if there are a lot of files/folders it can take a long time. I was wondering if there is a faster/better way?

$ sudo find / -xdev -type f -printf "%u\n" | sort | uniq

man
root
user1
user2
user3

Answer 1

Per you comment, when thinking of locations on a Linux/Unix system where a list of unique user ID's can be obtained more efficiently than running a find on / piped to sort | uniq sort | uniq , the system password file would be a much better source of the information.

For example to get a sorted unique list of all user accounts on the system you can use:

$ awk -F: '{print $1}' /etc/passwd | sort

or if you prefer sed , then

$ sed 's/:.*$//' /etc/passwd | sort

Either will be orders of magnitude faster that piping the results of find to sort | uniq sort | uniq .

Good luck with your scripting.

Answer 2

Using your find command can be done in a "better way." Specifically since you are actually wanting the ownership of files as a user list but limited to a specific path. Your slash / after the find command is starting the search from the top. So you will the results of everything from the top down. (Those results may be close to just listing the users.)

You can either cd to a specific directory cd /var/www/html/

and run the same command replacing / with .

find . -xdev -type f -printf "%u\n" | sort | uniq

Or drop in the path.

find /var/www/html/ -xdev -type f -printf "%u\n" | sort | uniq

Examples

Results at /var/www/html 10 users have files.

And cd into test directory. 6 users have files.