如何通过Selenium-Python访问'rect'类型元素

Question

There is a rect object in the dom:

<rect class="slv-blank" id="id123" height="8.8" stroke-width="1px" width="18.8" x="59.2" y="37.5"></rect>

I am trying to search it with following code:

WebDriverWait(driver, 1).until(ec.presence_of_element_located(("xpath", '//rect[@id="id123"]'))).click()

This does not work.

But the following does:

WebDriverWait(driver, 1).until(ec.presence_of_element_located(("xpath", '//*[name()="rect"][@id="id123"]'))).click()

Any clues on why the first one does not work?

Answer 1

<rect>

The <rect> element is a basic SVG shape that creates rectangles, defined by their corner's position, their width, and their height. The rectangles may have their corners rounded.

An Example:

<svg viewBox="0 0 220 100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <!-- Simple rect element -->
  <rect x="0" y="0" width="100" height="100" />

  <!-- Rounded corner rect element -->
  <rect x="120" y="0" width="100" height="100" rx="15" ry="15" />
</svg>

---

Attributes

The attributes of <rect> elements are as follows:

• x : This attribute determines the x coordinate of the rect.
  • Value type: | ; Default value: 0; Animatable: yes
• y : This attribute determines the y coordinate of the rect.
  • Value type: | ; Default value: 0; Animatable: yes
• width : This attribute determines the width of the rect.
  • Value type: auto|| ; Default value: auto; Animatable: yes
• height : This attribute determines the height of the rect.
  • Value type: auto|| ; Default value: auto; Animatable: yes
• rx : This attribute determines the horizontal corner radius of the rect.
  • Value type: auto|| ; Default value: auto; Animatable: yes
• ry : This attribute determines the vertical corner radius of the rect.
  • Value type: auto|| ; Default value: auto; Animatable: yes
• pathLength : This attribute lets specify the total length for the path, in user units.
  • Value type: ; Default value: none; Animatable: yes

Note : Starting with SVG2 x, y, width, height, rx and ry are Geometry Properties, meaning those attributes can also be used as CSS properties for that element.

---

This usecase

As the <rect> element is a SVG element so to locate such elements you have to explicitly specify the SVG namespace when accessing the elements using xpath as follows:

• For <svg> elements:

   //*[name()="svg"] 

• For <g> elements:

   //*[name()="svg"]/*[name()="g"] 

• For <rect> elements:

   //*[name()="svg"]/*[name()="g"]/*[name()="rect"] //*[name()="svg"]/*[name()="rect"] 

---

References

You can find a couple of relevant detailed discussions in

• How to click on SVG elements using XPath and Selenium WebDriver through Java
• Unable to locate SVG elements through xpath on Kendo UI chart

Answer 2

Use Action class or JavaScript Executor.

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as ec
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
elememnt=WebDriverWait(driver, 1).until(ec.presence_of_element_located(("xpath", '//*[@id="id123"]')))
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(elememnt).click().perform()

OR

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as ec
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
elememnt=WebDriverWait(driver, 1).until(ec.presence_of_element_located(("xpath", '//*[@id="id123"]')))
driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click();",elememnt)