Python：如何从另一个文件夹导入脚本，而该文件夹又在本地导入具有相对路径/本地文本文件的其他脚本？

Question

I have been given a python program that runs on its own. The structure is such that there one .py file (lets call it app.py ) that imports many other scripts from its nearby folders and uses them t do something. Those other modules have local config.txt files and also import other local modules.

I would like to have my own script somewhere else that imports this "app.py" and just call a function from it. The problem is: This function i would like to call depends on other modules that are relatively imported to app.py itself and when i try to import app.py to my script, is tells me that i cant find the relative imports that app.py has.

I have done quite some digging (with adding __init.py__ files, using system.path.append / insert stuff i am quite familiar by now ) and i found that when i try to run my script it becomes the current working directory and any relative directory imported from app.py - which is imported by my script- can not be found since it is simple not there.

What i can do i, i can import everything with their absolute paths or add every package/folder to the system path but since there more than 10 packages, i dont want to do that. It also would be really problematic if i move the app.py and modules surrounding it.

The app.py is very self contained and can be put anywhere. I will appreciate any kind of advice to solve this problem in a nice/elegant way.

TL;DR : I have a script that tries to import another script in another directory but it also imports other scripts with relative paths. The script i try to import gets imported but cant import other scripts it normally imports.

Answer 1

One variant would be to specify the directory where app.py resides in the PYTHONPATH .

Let's assume you have the following files:

yourscript.py -> which can be anywhere on the syste,

import app
app.dosomething()

somepackage/app.py

import somemod
from subpack import innermod

def dosomething():
    somemod.x()
    othermod.y()

somepackage/somemod.py

def x():
    print("XXX")

somepackage/subpack/innermod.py

def y():
    print("YYYY")

Now if you would call yourscript like:

PYTHONPATH=<path_to_your_somepackage> python yourscript.py

It will resolve the dependencies in yourscript relative to that PYTHONPATH which is the path where somepackage resides.