如何在页面加载时分派 redux 操作以在 useEffect 中加载数据

Question

I am trying to integrate redux to an existing react application. I am learning redux. I am using hooks. In the internet there are many examples of using class components. I could not find an example how to achieve this with a function component.

The code below does not throw an error. But, the action inside useEffect is not called. The code does not produce any output. I wonder if the call is correct or not. Any help?

Index.js

const store = createStore(rubricReducer, applyMiddleware(thunk));     
ReactDOM.render(
    <BrowserRouter basename={baseUrl}>
        <Provider store={store} > <App /> </Provider>
        </BrowserRouter>,
    rootElement);

Rubrics.tsx

const mapStateToProps = state => ({
    rubrics: state.rubrics.items,
    loading: state.rubrics.loading,
    error: state.rubrics.error
});

const mapDispatchToProps = (dispatch) => {
    return {
        getRubrics: () => dispatch(fetchRubrics())
    };
}

const Rubrics = (props) => {    
    const { rubrics, loading, error } = props;

    useEffect(() => {
        props.dispatch(fetchRubrics());
    }, []);    

    if (error) { return <div>Error! {error.message}</div>; }    
    if (loading) { return <div>Loading...</div>; }    

    return (    
        <ul>
            <React.Fragment>
                {rubrics.map(rubric => {
                        return (
                            <li key={rubric.id}>{rubric.title}</li>

                        );
                    })}
            </React.Fragment>
        </ul>
    )
}

export default connect(mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps)(Rubrics);

rubricActions.tsx:

export function fetchRubrics() {
    return dispatch => {
        dispatch(fetchRubricsBegin());

        axios.get("api/Rubric/Index")
            .then(response => {
                console.log('success: reading rubrics');

                dispatch(fetchRubricsSuccess(response.data));
                return response.data;
            })
            .catch(error => { fetchRubricsFailure(error) });
    };
}

export const FETCH_RUBRICS_BEGIN = "FETCH_RUBRICS_BEGIN";
export const FETCH_RUBRICS_SUCCESS = "FETCH_RUBRICS_SUCCESS";
export const FETCH_RUBRICS_FAILURE = "FETCH_RUBRICS_FAILURE";

const fetchRubricsBegin = () => ({
    type: FETCH_RUBRICS_BEGIN
})

const fetchRubricsSuccess= (rubrics) => ({
    type: FETCH_RUBRICS_SUCCESS,
    payload: { rubrics}
})


const fetchRubricsFailure = (error) => ({
    type: FETCH_RUBRICS_FAILURE,
    payload: {error}
})

rubricReducer.tsx :

import {
    FETCH_RUBRICS_BEGIN,
    FETCH_RUBRICS_SUCCESS,
    FETCH_RUBRICS_FAILURE
} from '../_actions/rubricActions';

const initialState = {
    rubrics: [],
    loading: false,
    error: null
};

const rubricReducer = (state = initialState, action) => {
    switch (action.type) {
        case FETCH_RUBRICS_BEGIN:
            return {
                ...state,
                loading: true,
                error: null
            };

        case FETCH_RUBRICS_SUCCESS:
            return {
                ...state,
                loading: false,
                items: action.payload.rubrics
            }
        case FETCH_RUBRICS_FAILURE:
            return {
                ...state,
                loading: false,
                error: action.payload.error,
                items: []
            };
        default:
            return state;
    }
}
export default rubricReducer;

Answer 1

With the hooks provided by react-redux since v7.1.0, this can be now written without mapStateToProps and mapDispatchToProps .

import React, { useEffect } from 'react';
import { useDispatch, useSelector } from 'react-redux';


const Rubrics = () => {
  const dispatch = useDispatch();

  const { rubrics, loading, error } = useSelector(
    state => ({
      error: state.error,
      rubrics: state.rubrics,
      loading: state.loading
    })
  );

  useEffect(() => {
    dispatch(fetchRubrics());
  }, [dispatch]);

  if (error) { return <div>Error! {error.message}</div>; }
  if (loading) { return <div>Loading...</div>; }

  return (
    <ul>
      <React.Fragment>
        {rubrics.map(rubric => {
          return (
            <li key={rubric.id}>{rubric.title}</li>
          );
        })}
      </React.Fragment>
    </ul>
  )
};

Answer 2

The problem here is that you are using incorrectly mapDispatchToProps. You don't need to set explicitly the dispatch function, that is what react redux does for you.

So, below is the correct way to do it:

// Now you won't be creating a new object every time your component re-renders
const mapDispatchToProps = {
  getRubrics: fetchRubrics
}

const Rubrics = (props) => {    
  const { getRubrics } = props;

  // You should always add elements inside your render scope
  // to the second array parameter of useEffect to prevent unexpected bugs.
  useEffect(() => {
      getRubrics();
  }, [getRubrics]);

  return (    
    <div>Your component here!</div>
  )
}

Answer 3

In your dispatch mapping you have

const mapDispatchToProps = (dispatch) => {
    return {
        getRubrics: () => dispatch(fetchRubrics())
    };
}

so instead of calling props.dispatch(fetchRubrics()); just call props.getRubrics() or destructurize this method from props

const { rubrics, loading, error, getRubrics } = props;

and just call getRubrics()

Answer 4

Below is the correct code:

const Rubrics = (props) => {

    useEffect(() => {
        props.fetchAllRubrics();
    }, [])


    return (
        props.rubrics.map((rubric) => {
            return (<RubricCard rubric={rubric} />)
        })
    )
}

const mapStateToProps = state => ({
    error: state.error,
    rubrics: state.rubrics,
    loading: state.oading
})

const mapDispatchToProps = dispatch => {
    return { fetchAllRubrics: () => dispatch(fetchRubricsData()) }
}

export default connect(
    mapStateToProps,
    mapDispatchToProps
)(Rubrics);