使用 CMake 分发 Qt5 控制台应用程序

Question

I fruitlessly tried to distribute a basic Qt console application by using CMake.

Let's consider these 2 files:

main.cpp

#include <QDebug>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    qDebug() << "Hello Wolrd!";
    return 0;
}

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.12)

project(HelloWorld)

set(CMAKE_AUTOMOC ON)
set(CMAKE_INCLUDE_CURRENT_DIR ON)

find_package(Qt5Widgets REQUIRED)

add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} main.cpp)

qt5_use_modules(${PROJECT_NAME} Widgets)

Next I compile the main.cpp file doing:

$ cmake .

-- The C compiler identification is AppleClang 10.0.1.10010046
-- The CXX compiler identification is AppleClang 10.0.1.10010046
-- Check for working C compiler: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/cc
-- Check for working C compiler: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/cc -- works
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/c++
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/c++ -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /path/to/HelloWorld

$ make

Scanning dependencies of target HelloWorld_autogen
[ 25%] Automatic MOC for target HelloWorld
[ 25%] Built target HelloWorld_autogen
Scanning dependencies of target HelloWorld
[ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/HelloWorld.dir/HelloWorld_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o
[ 75%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/HelloWorld.dir/main.cpp.o
[100%] Linking CXX executable HelloWorld
[100%] Built target HelloWorld

And I get a HelloWorld binary file.

The problem comes when I try to execute the latter file on another computer which don't have Qt installed. I get this bellow error:

dyld: Library not loaded: @rpath/QtWidgets.framework/Versions/5/QtWidgets
  Referenced from: /path/to/HelloWorld/./HelloWorld
  Reason: image not found
./test.sh: line 4: 68737 Abort trap: 6           ./HelloWorld

What is missing to make this working as a standalone application?

Environment:

• MacOs Mojave (10.14.4)
• Qt 5.10.1

Answer 1

The easiest approach is to link Qt statically. Check out the documentation about deploying for macOS .

Be aware that Qt is licensed under the LGPL, which may have implications for static linking. Check out this FAQ for details.

You could also use bundles and frameworks, but I'm not sure how well that works with console applications.