来自python：3.x-alpine3.x的Alpine Docker映像使用的Python软件包版本与声明的软件包版本不同

Question

If I build the simpliest docker image based on Alpine that includes Python:

FROM python:3.7-alpine3.9

I can successfully enter it and verify that the installed version is 3.7:

/ # python --version
Python 3.7.3
/ # python3 --version
Python 3.7.3

However if I install some packages that require Python3, for example python3-dev (that is required by other packages) or Python3 itself, Alpine does not use version 3.7 but uses 3.6 for some reason that I don't understand:

/ # apk add python3-dev
(1/3) Installing pkgconf (1.6.0-r0)
(2/3) Installing python3 (3.6.8-r2)
(3/3) Installing python3-dev (3.6.8-r2)
Executing busybox-1.29.3-r10.trigger
OK: 108 MiB in 38 packages

printenv also shows that (during the docker image build) version 3.7.x is used but package system does not reflect this. Excerpt:

PYTHON_VERSION=3.7.3

I see here there's Python 3.6 as a default version for all Alpine versions up to 3.9. Python 3.7 is available for the "edge" only.

I also found answer to this which doesn't work either:

# apk add python3 --repository=http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/main
(1/1) Installing python3 (3.6.8-r2)

Python 3.6 is installed. However if I use the simpliest Alpine without Python FROM alpine:3.9 and use the same command, Python 3.7 is installed :

# apk add python3 --repository=http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/main
<TRIMMED_TEXT>
(11/11) Installing python3 (3.7.3-r0)

How can I tell the package manager in python:3.7-alpine3.9 to use Python 3.7 instead of Python 3.6?

Answer 1

If you remove the ( virtual ) .python-rundeps package beforehand, the installation will work as you intend it.

FROM python:3.7-alpine3.9

RUN \
    apk update \
    && apk del .python-rundeps \
    && apk add --repository=http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/main \
        python3-dev=3.7.3-r0

Building this image results in:

...
(12/13) Installing python3 (3.7.3-r0)
...

Answer 2

Do you need python version 3.7? You can use version 3.6, It exists: https://hub.docker.com/_/python/?tab=tags&page=3

FROM python:3.6-alpine3.9

or

FROM python:3.6.8-alpine
FROM python:3.6-alpine
FROM python:3.6.8-alpine3.9