如何在 Flutter / Dart 中对 Base64 和 Base64Url 进行编码和解码

Question

I want to encode the following string in Base64Url in Flutter and decode it in on a Dart server.

"username:password"

How do I do that? And how do I do it in Base64?

Answer 1

The dart:convert library contains an encoder and decoder for Base64 and Base64Url. However, they encode and decode Lists of integers, so for strings you also need to encode and decode in UTF-8. Rather than doing these two encodings separately, you can combine them with fuse .

You need to have the following import:

import 'dart:convert';

Base64

String credentials = "username:password";
Codec<String, String> stringToBase64 = utf8.fuse(base64);
String encoded = stringToBase64.encode(credentials);      // dXNlcm5hbWU6cGFzc3dvcmQ=
String decoded = stringToBase64.decode(encoded);          // username:password

Note that this is equivalent to:

String encoded = base64.encode(utf8.encode(credentials)); // dXNlcm5hbWU6cGFzc3dvcmQ=
String decoded = utf8.decode(base64.decode(encoded));     // username:password

Base64Url

String credentials = "username:password";
Codec<String, String> stringToBase64Url = utf8.fuse(base64Url);
String encoded = stringToBase64Url.encode(credentials);      // dXNlcm5hbWU6cGFzc3dvcmQ=
String decoded = stringToBase64Url.decode(encoded);          // username:password

Again, this is equivalent to:

String encoded = base64Url.encode(utf8.encode(credentials)); // dXNlcm5hbWU6cGFzc3dvcmQ=
String decoded = utf8.decode(base64Url.decode(encoded));     // username:password

See also

• RCF 4648
• String based data encoding: Base64 vs Base64url