从VBA调用时，PowerShell命令不起作用，但其他方式有效

Question

Currently I can't use xlwings because I can't access Windows' cmd. But I can access PowerShell, so I tried to change xlwings specific VBA code that calls the cmd to call the PowerShell instead.

When calling PowerShell with commands from VBA, it does not work. If I paste the exact same commands in the PowerShell terminal, it works as expected.

I've tried to compare the (not working) command VBA passes to PowerShell with the (working) command I manually paste into PowerShells terminal. But they look exactly the same.

The original xlwings code that calls the cmd

RunCommand = PythonInterpreter & " -B -c ""import sys, os; sys.path[0:0]=os.path.normcase(os.path.expandvars(r'" & PYTHONPATH & "')).split(';'); " & PythonCommand & """ "

ExitCode = Wsh.Run("cmd.exe /C " & _
           DriveCommand & RunCommand & _
           """" & WORKBOOK_FULLNAME & """ ""from_xl""" & " " & _
           Chr(34) & Application.Path & "\" & Application.Name & Chr(34) & " " & _
           Chr(34) & Application.Hwnd & Chr(34) & _
           " 2> """ & LOG_FILE & """ ", _
           WindowStyle, WaitOnReturn)

And my slightly modified version

RunCommand = "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\pythonw.exe -B -c ""import sys, os; sys.path[0:0]=os.path.normcase(os.path.expandvars(r'" & PYTHONPATH & "')).split(';'); " & PythonCommand & """ "

ExitCode = Wsh.Run("Powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy ByPass -NoExit " & _
           DriveCommand & RunCommand & _
           """" & WORKBOOK_FULLNAME & """ ""from_xl""" & " " & _
           Chr(34) & Application.Path & "\" & Application.Name & Chr(34) & " " & _
           Chr(34) & Application.Hwnd & Chr(34) & _
           " 2> """ & LOG_FILE & """ ", _
           WindowStyle, WaitOnReturn)

The resulting command from aboves code. Working when pasted into PowerShells terminal directly, not working when executed from VBA:

C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\pythonw.exe -B -c "import sys, os; sys.path[0:0]=os.path.normcase(os.path.expandvars(r'C:\Users\<placeholder>\test1;')).split(';'); import test1;test1.hello_xlwings()" "C:\Users\<placeholder>\test1\test1.xlsm" "from_xl" "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Office\Office16\Microsoft Excel" "788640" 2> "C:\Users\<placeholder>\AppData\Roaming\xlwings.log"

I expect a simple "Hello, World!" in a specific Excel cell when clicking a button associated with the vba macro. Instead I get this error:

At line:1 char:213
+ ... X0RNZ\test1;')).split(';'); import test1;test1.hello_xlwings() C:\Use ...
+                                                                  ~
An expression was expected after "(".
    + CategoryInfo          : ParserError: (:) [], ParentContainsErrorRecordException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : ExpectedExpression

If I paste the command in the PowerShell terminal directly I get my expected result, "Hello, World!" shows up in my specific Excel cell.

Answer 1

You are missing the -Command parameter. Depending on what DriveCommand contains, you should add -Command before DriveCommand or RunCommand .

Make sure there is a semicolon between de PowerShell commands and specify the command as a scriptblock, example:

powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy ByPass -NoExit -Command { cd "c:\folder";c:\folder\run.exe "param1" "param2" }

Run powershell /? for more examples.