无法在 Python 中导入 xgboost

Question

I have installed xgboost successfully using pip for Python 2.7.16 (I installed this Python version using Homebrew on macOS High Sierra). My problem is that I'm unable to import xgboost in Python, as per the error message below:

mac-128644:~ user$ python
Python 2.7.16 (default, Apr 12 2019, 15:32:52) 
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 10.0.0 (clang-1000.11.45.5)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import xgboost
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xgboost/__init__.py", line 11, in <module>
    from .core import DMatrix, Booster
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xgboost/core.py", line 163, in <module>
    _LIB = _load_lib()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xgboost/core.py", line 154, in _load_lib
    'Error message(s): {}\n'.format(os_error_list))
xgboost.core.XGBoostError: XGBoost Library (libxgboost.dylib) could not be loaded.
Likely causes:
  * OpenMP runtime is not installed (vcomp140.dll or libgomp-1.dll for Windows, libgomp.so for UNIX-like OSes)
  * You are running 32-bit Python on a 64-bit OS
Error message(s): ['dlopen(/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xgboost/./lib/libxgboost.dylib, 6): Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/gcc/lib/gcc/8/libgomp.1.dylib\n  Referenced from: /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xgboost/./lib/libxgboost.dylib\n  Reason: no suitable image found.  Did find:\n\t/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xgboost/./lib/libxgboost.dylib/libgomp.1.dylib: stat() failed with errno=20']

I've made sure that both my Python version and OS are 64-bit, so the problem is definitely not the second "likely cause." I'm also pretty sure I have OpenMP installed: looking up instructions, for my case I would do brew install llvm and the install was successful. I'm also not sure why it can't seem to find /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/xgboost/./lib/libxgboost.dylib , as I can cd into that directory and see libxgboost.dylib just fine. It looks like later on in the message it did find it, but still throws an error? What exactly is going on here, and what can I do to fix this error?

Answer 1

Install xgboost first:

pip install xgboost

Then use:

brew install libomp

At last:

import xgboost as