ViewModel 在重新创建片段时重新获取数据

Question

I am using Bottom Navigation with Navigation Architecture Component . When the user navigates from one item to another(via Bottom navigation) and back again view model call repository function to fetch data again. So if the user goes back and forth 10 times the same data will be fetched 10 times. How to avoid re-fetching when the fragment is recreated data is already there?.

Fragment

class HomeFragment : Fragment() {

    @Inject
    lateinit var viewModelFactory: ViewModelProvider.Factory

    private lateinit var productsViewModel: ProductsViewModel
    private lateinit var productsAdapter: ProductsAdapter

    override fun onCreateView(inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?,
                              savedInstanceState: Bundle?): View? {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_home, container, false)
    }

    override fun onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState)
        initViewModel()
        initAdapters()
        initLayouts()
        getData()
    }

    private fun initViewModel() {
        (activity!!.application as App).component.inject(this)

        productsViewModel = activity?.run {
            ViewModelProviders.of(this, viewModelFactory).get(ProductsViewModel::class.java)
        }!!
    }

    private fun initAdapters() {
        productsAdapter = ProductsAdapter(this.context!!, From.HOME_FRAGMENT)
    }

    private fun initLayouts() {
        productsRecyclerView.layoutManager = LinearLayoutManager(this.activity)
        productsRecyclerView.adapter = productsAdapter
    }

    private fun getData() {
        val productsFilters = ProductsFilters.builder().sortBy(SortProductsBy.NEWEST).build()

        //Products filters
        productsViewModel.setInput(productsFilters, 2)

        //Observing products data
        productsViewModel.products.observe(viewLifecycleOwner, Observer {
            it.products()?.let { products -> productsAdapter.setData(products) }
        })

        //Observing loading
        productsViewModel.networkState.observe(viewLifecycleOwner, Observer {
            //Todo showing progress bar
        })
    }
}

ViewModel

class ProductsViewModel
@Inject constructor(private val repository: ProductsRepository) : ViewModel() {

    private val _input = MutableLiveData<PInput>()

    fun setInput(filters: ProductsFilters, limit: Int) {
        _input.value = PInput(filters, limit)
    }

    private val getProducts = map(_input) {
        repository.getProducts(it.filters, it.limit)
    }

    val products = switchMap(getProducts) { it.data }
    val networkState = switchMap(getProducts) { it.networkState }
}

data class PInput(val filters: ProductsFilters, val limit: Int)

Repository

@Singleton
class ProductsRepository @Inject constructor(private val api: ApolloClient) {

    val networkState = MutableLiveData<NetworkState>()

    fun getProducts(filters: ProductsFilters, limit: Int): ApiResponse<ProductsQuery.Data> {
        val products = MutableLiveData<ProductsQuery.Data>()

        networkState.postValue(NetworkState.LOADING)

        val request = api.query(ProductsQuery
                .builder()
                .filters(filters)
                .limit(limit)
                .build())

        request.enqueue(object : ApolloCall.Callback<ProductsQuery.Data>() {
            override fun onFailure(e: ApolloException) {
                networkState.postValue(NetworkState.error(e.localizedMessage))
            }

            override fun onResponse(response: Response<ProductsQuery.Data>) = when {
                response.hasErrors() -> networkState.postValue(NetworkState.error(response.errors()[0].message()))
                else -> {
                    networkState.postValue(NetworkState.LOADED)
                    products.postValue(response.data())
                }
            }
        })

        return ApiResponse(data = products, networkState = networkState)
    }
}

Navigation main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<navigation xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/mobile_navigation.xml"
    app:startDestination="@id/home">

    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/home"
        android:name="com.nux.ui.home.HomeFragment"
        android:label="@string/title_home"
        tools:layout="@layout/fragment_home"/>
    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/search"
        android:name="com.nux.ui.search.SearchFragment"
        android:label="@string/title_search"
        tools:layout="@layout/fragment_search" />
    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/my_profile"
        android:name="com.nux.ui.user.MyProfileFragment"
        android:label="@string/title_profile"
        tools:layout="@layout/fragment_profile" />
</navigation>

ViewModelFactory

@Singleton
class ViewModelFactory @Inject
constructor(private val viewModels: MutableMap<Class<out ViewModel>, Provider<ViewModel>>) : ViewModelProvider.Factory {

    @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
    override fun <T : ViewModel> create(modelClass: Class<T>): T {
        val creator = viewModels[modelClass]
                ?: viewModels.asIterable().firstOrNull { modelClass.isAssignableFrom(it.key) }?.value
                ?: throw IllegalArgumentException("unknown model class $modelClass")
        return try {
            creator.get() as T
        } catch (e: Exception) {
            throw RuntimeException(e)
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

In onActivityCreated() , you are calling getData() . In there, you have:

productsViewModel.setInput(productsFilters, 2)

This, in turn, changes the value of _input in your ProductsViewModel . And, every time that _input changes, the getProducts lambda expression will be evaluated, calling your repository.

So, every onActivityCreated() call triggers a call to your repository.

I do not know enough about your app to tell you what you need to change. Here are some possibilities:

• Switch from onActivityCreated() to other lifecycle methods. initViewModel() could be called in onCreate() , while the rest should be in onViewCreated() .

• Reconsider your getData() implementation. Do you really need to call setInput() every time we navigate to this fragment? Or, should that be part of initViewModel() and done once in onCreate() ? Or, since productsFilters does not seem to be tied to the fragment at all, should productsFilters and the setInput() call be part of the init block of ProductsViewModel , so it only happens once?

Answer 2

One simple solution would be to change the ViewModelProvider owner from this to requireActivity() in this line of code:

ViewModelProviders.of(this, viewModelFactory).get(ProductsViewModel::class.java)

Therefore, as the activity is the owner of the viewmodel and the lifcycle of viewmodel attached to the activity not to the fragment, navigating between fragments within the activity won't recreated the viewmodel.

Answer 3

define your ProductsViewModel by static in mainActivity and initialize in onCreate method. Now just use it this way in fragment:

MainActivity.productsViewModel.products.observe(viewLifecycleOwner, Observer {
            it.products()?.let { products -> productsAdapter.setData(products) }
        })

Answer 4

When you select other pages via bottom navigation and come back, fragment destroy and recreate. So the onCreate , onViewCreated and onActivityCreate will run again. But viewModel is still alive.

So you can call your function ( getProducts ) inside the "init" in viewModel to run it once.

init {
        getProducts()
    }

Answer 5

I am using Bottom Navigation with Navigation Architecture Component . When the user navigates from one item to another(via Bottom navigation) and back again view model call repository function to fetch data again. So if the user goes back and forth 10 times the same data will be fetched 10 times. How to avoid re-fetching when the fragment is recreated data is already there?.

Fragment

class HomeFragment : Fragment() {

    @Inject
    lateinit var viewModelFactory: ViewModelProvider.Factory

    private lateinit var productsViewModel: ProductsViewModel
    private lateinit var productsAdapter: ProductsAdapter

    override fun onCreateView(inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?,
                              savedInstanceState: Bundle?): View? {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_home, container, false)
    }

    override fun onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState)
        initViewModel()
        initAdapters()
        initLayouts()
        getData()
    }

    private fun initViewModel() {
        (activity!!.application as App).component.inject(this)

        productsViewModel = activity?.run {
            ViewModelProviders.of(this, viewModelFactory).get(ProductsViewModel::class.java)
        }!!
    }

    private fun initAdapters() {
        productsAdapter = ProductsAdapter(this.context!!, From.HOME_FRAGMENT)
    }

    private fun initLayouts() {
        productsRecyclerView.layoutManager = LinearLayoutManager(this.activity)
        productsRecyclerView.adapter = productsAdapter
    }

    private fun getData() {
        val productsFilters = ProductsFilters.builder().sortBy(SortProductsBy.NEWEST).build()

        //Products filters
        productsViewModel.setInput(productsFilters, 2)

        //Observing products data
        productsViewModel.products.observe(viewLifecycleOwner, Observer {
            it.products()?.let { products -> productsAdapter.setData(products) }
        })

        //Observing loading
        productsViewModel.networkState.observe(viewLifecycleOwner, Observer {
            //Todo showing progress bar
        })
    }
}

ViewModel

class ProductsViewModel
@Inject constructor(private val repository: ProductsRepository) : ViewModel() {

    private val _input = MutableLiveData<PInput>()

    fun setInput(filters: ProductsFilters, limit: Int) {
        _input.value = PInput(filters, limit)
    }

    private val getProducts = map(_input) {
        repository.getProducts(it.filters, it.limit)
    }

    val products = switchMap(getProducts) { it.data }
    val networkState = switchMap(getProducts) { it.networkState }
}

data class PInput(val filters: ProductsFilters, val limit: Int)

Repository

@Singleton
class ProductsRepository @Inject constructor(private val api: ApolloClient) {

    val networkState = MutableLiveData<NetworkState>()

    fun getProducts(filters: ProductsFilters, limit: Int): ApiResponse<ProductsQuery.Data> {
        val products = MutableLiveData<ProductsQuery.Data>()

        networkState.postValue(NetworkState.LOADING)

        val request = api.query(ProductsQuery
                .builder()
                .filters(filters)
                .limit(limit)
                .build())

        request.enqueue(object : ApolloCall.Callback<ProductsQuery.Data>() {
            override fun onFailure(e: ApolloException) {
                networkState.postValue(NetworkState.error(e.localizedMessage))
            }

            override fun onResponse(response: Response<ProductsQuery.Data>) = when {
                response.hasErrors() -> networkState.postValue(NetworkState.error(response.errors()[0].message()))
                else -> {
                    networkState.postValue(NetworkState.LOADED)
                    products.postValue(response.data())
                }
            }
        })

        return ApiResponse(data = products, networkState = networkState)
    }
}

Navigation main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<navigation xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/mobile_navigation.xml"
    app:startDestination="@id/home">

    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/home"
        android:name="com.nux.ui.home.HomeFragment"
        android:label="@string/title_home"
        tools:layout="@layout/fragment_home"/>
    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/search"
        android:name="com.nux.ui.search.SearchFragment"
        android:label="@string/title_search"
        tools:layout="@layout/fragment_search" />
    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/my_profile"
        android:name="com.nux.ui.user.MyProfileFragment"
        android:label="@string/title_profile"
        tools:layout="@layout/fragment_profile" />
</navigation>

ViewModelFactory

@Singleton
class ViewModelFactory @Inject
constructor(private val viewModels: MutableMap<Class<out ViewModel>, Provider<ViewModel>>) : ViewModelProvider.Factory {

    @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
    override fun <T : ViewModel> create(modelClass: Class<T>): T {
        val creator = viewModels[modelClass]
                ?: viewModels.asIterable().firstOrNull { modelClass.isAssignableFrom(it.key) }?.value
                ?: throw IllegalArgumentException("unknown model class $modelClass")
        return try {
            creator.get() as T
        } catch (e: Exception) {
            throw RuntimeException(e)
        }
    }
}