如何获取MySQL中每个用户的第一条记录和最后一条记录（用于出勤）

Question

I have the following table:

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `access_log` (
    `id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `user_id` INT(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
    `room_id` INT(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
    `created` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

A new record is added everytime a user enters a room room_id . I would like to select the first and last record of every user for every room.

Currently I have the following queries that don't seem to give the right records:

For first record of each room for each user:

SELECT al.* FROM `access_log` AS `al`
LEFT JOIN `rooms` AS `r` ON al.room_id = r.id
INNER JOIN (
    SELECT user_id, room_id, min(created) AS min_date
    FROM `access_log`
    WHERE `user_id` != 0
    GROUP BY user_id, room_id) AS al2
ON al.user_id = al2.user_id AND al.room_id = al2.room_id AND al.created = al2.min_date
WHERE `al`.`created` >= '2019-06-09 00:00:00' AND `al`.`created` <= '2019-06-12 23:59:59'

For last record of each room for each user:

SELECT al.* FROM `access_log` AS `al`
LEFT JOIN `rooms` AS `r` ON al.room_id = r.id
INNER JOIN (
    SELECT user_id, room_id, max(created) AS max_date
    FROM `access_log`
    WHERE `user_id` != 0
    GROUP BY user_id, room_id) AS al2
ON al.user_id = al2.user_id AND al.room_id = al2.room_id AND al.created = al2.max_date
WHERE `al`.`created` >= '2019-06-09 00:00:00' AND `al`.`created` <= '2019-06-12 23:59:59'

Here's an SQLFiddle demo including sample data http://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!9/fc5f8b/2 . You can see that the query display unintended results. They do not list the different days, although they list the different rooms. Also, the number of rows for the first and last queries are different.

DDLs of same:

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `access_log` (
    `id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `user_id` INT(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
    `room_id` INT(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
    `created` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `access_log` (`id`, `user_id`, `room_id`, `created`) VALUES
(1, 90000017, 6, '2019-06-10 01:15:00'),
(2, 90000017, 6, '2019-06-10 01:25:00'),
(3, 90000018, 6, '2019-06-10 02:15:00'),
(4, 90000018, 6, '2019-06-10 02:25:00'),
(5, 90000019, 6, '2019-06-10 03:15:00'),
(6, 90000019, 6, '2019-06-10 03:25:00'),

(7, 90000017, 5, '2019-06-10 11:15:00'),
(8, 90000017, 5, '2019-06-10 11:25:00'),
(9, 90000018, 5, '2019-06-10 12:15:00'),
(10, 90000018, 5, '2019-06-10 12:25:00'),
(11, 90000019, 5, '2019-06-10 13:15:00'),
(12, 90000019, 5, '2019-06-10 13:25:00'),

(13, 90000017, 6, '2019-06-11 04:10:00'),
(14, 90000017, 6, '2019-06-11 04:20:00'),
(15, 90000018, 6, '2019-06-11 05:10:00'),
(16, 90000018, 6, '2019-06-11 05:20:00'),
(17, 90000019, 6, '2019-06-11 06:10:00'),
(18, 90000019, 6, '2019-06-11 06:20:00'),

(19, 90000017, 5, '2019-06-11 14:10:00'),
(20, 90000017, 5, '2019-06-11 14:20:00'),
(21, 90000018, 5, '2019-06-11 15:10:00'),
(22, 90000018, 5, '2019-06-11 15:20:00'),
(23, 90000019, 5, '2019-06-11 16:20:00'),
(24, 90000019, 5, '2019-06-11 16:20:00');

The expected results should be something like:

First per user per room per day
+------+-----------+---------+---------------------+
|  id  |  user_id  | room_id |       created       |
+------+-----------+---------+---------------------+
|  1   | 90000017  |    6    | 2019-06-10 01:15:00 |
|  3   | 90000018  |    6    | 2019-06-10 02:15:00 |
|  5   | 90000019  |    6    | 2019-06-10 03:15:00 |
|  7   | 90000017  |    5    | 2019-06-10 11:15:00 |
|  9   | 90000018  |    5    | 2019-06-10 12:15:00 |
|  11  | 90000019  |    5    | 2019-06-10 13:15:00 |
|  13  | 90000017  |    6    | 2019-06-11 04:10:00 |
|  15  | 90000018  |    6    | 2019-06-11 05:10:00 |
|  17  | 90000019  |    6    | 2019-06-11 06:10:00 |
|  19  | 90000017  |    5    | 2019-06-11 14:10:00 |
|  21  | 90000018  |    5    | 2019-06-11 15:10:00 |
|  23  | 90000019  |    5    | 2019-06-11 16:20:00 |
+------+-----------+---------+---------------------+

Last per user per room per day
+------+-----------+---------+---------------------+
|  id  |  user_id  | room_id |       created       |
+------+-----------+---------+---------------------+
|  2   | 90000017  |    6    | 2019-06-10 01:25:00 |
|  4   | 90000018  |    6    | 2019-06-10 02:25:00 |
|  6   | 90000019  |    6    | 2019-06-10 03:25:00 |
|  8   | 90000017  |    5    | 2019-06-10 11:25:00 |
|  10  | 90000018  |    5    | 2019-06-10 12:25:00 |
|  12  | 90000019  |    5    | 2019-06-10 13:25:00 |
|  14  | 90000017  |    6    | 2019-06-11 04:20:00 |
|  16  | 90000018  |    6    | 2019-06-11 05:20:00 |
|  18  | 90000019  |    6    | 2019-06-11 06:20:00 |
|  20  | 90000017  |    5    | 2019-06-11 14:20:00 |
|  22  | 90000018  |    5    | 2019-06-11 15:20:00 |
|  24  | 90000019  |    5    | 2019-06-11 16:20:00 |
+------+-----------+---------+---------------------+

Answer 1

I've suggest with this single query to cross check with the expected result:

SELECT 
   GROUP_CONCAT(id ORDER BY created,id SEPARATOR ' ') all_id, 
   -- this return all id present in the group
   SUBSTRING_INDEX(GROUP_CONCAT(id ORDER BY created,id SEPARATOR ' '),' ',1) min_id_in,
   -- this part is taking the first value from the GROUP_CONCAT operation above
   SUBSTRING_INDEX(GROUP_CONCAT(id ORDER BY created,id SEPARATOR ' '),' ',-1) max_id_in,
   -- this part is taking the last value from the first GROUP_CONCAT operation
   user_id,room_id,
   MIN(created), 
   MAX(created) -- Min/max value are both shown in same query
FROM access_log 
GROUP BY user_id,room_id,
date(created); -- the missing condition where OP's asks results to return by each date.

I've added date(created) in the GROUP BY .. condition.

In your original query from the fiddle:

SELECT al.* FROM `access_log` AS `al`
INNER JOIN (
    SELECT user_id, room_id, min(created) AS min_date
    FROM `access_log`
    WHERE `user_id` != 0
    GROUP BY user_id, room_id, 
    date(created) -- I've added the condition here 
    ) AS al2
ON al.user_id = al2.user_id AND al.room_id = al2.room_id AND al.created = al2.min_date
WHERE `al`.`created` >= '2019-06-09 00:00:00' AND `al`.`created` <= '2019-06-12 23:59:59'
ORDER BY al.user_id ASC;


SELECT al.* FROM `access_log` AS `al`
INNER JOIN (
    SELECT user_id, room_id, max(created) AS max_date
    FROM `access_log`
    WHERE `user_id` != 0
    GROUP BY user_id, room_id, 
    date(created) -- and here
    ) AS al2
ON al.user_id = al2.user_id AND al.room_id = al2.room_id AND al.created = al2.max_date
WHERE `al`.`created` >= '2019-06-09 00:00:00' AND `al`.`created` <= '2019-06-12 23:59:59'
ORDER BY al.user_id ASC;

Answer 2

The subquery should select from the same table as the main query, so it should select from access_log , not pacc_leapaccess_access_log .

SELECT al.* FROM `access_log` AS `al`
LEFT JOIN `pacc_leapaccess_rooms` AS `r` ON al.room_id = r.id
INNER JOIN (
    SELECT user_id, room_id, min(created) AS min_date
    FROM `access_log`
    WHERE `user_id` != 0
    GROUP BY user_id, room_id) AS al2
ON al.user_id = al2.user_id AND al.room_id = al2.room_id AND al.created = al2.min_date
WHERE `al`.`created` >= '2019-06-09 00:00:00' AND `al`.`created` <= '2019-06-12 23:59:59';

SELECT al.* FROM `access_log` AS `al`
LEFT JOIN `pacc_leapaccess_rooms` AS `r` ON al.room_id = r.id
INNER JOIN (
    SELECT user_id, room_id, max(created) AS max_date
    FROM `access_log`
    WHERE `user_id` != 0
    GROUP BY user_id, room_id) AS al2
ON al.user_id = al2.user_id AND al.room_id = al2.room_id AND al.created = al2.max_date
WHERE `al`.`created` >= '2019-06-09 00:00:00' AND `al`.`created` <= '2019-06-12 23:59:59';