绑定到对象的 Vue.js 类在对象更新时没有改变

Question

I have a number of buttons, being generated wuth v-for directive. all of them have initial class, based on the string from an object. I have an event, that is changing this string on button click. But the class is not being updated. What am i doing wrong?

<template>
    <v-layout>
        <v-btn v-for="cell in cells" :key='cell.id' v-bind:class='cell.color' 
            v-on:click='click(cell.id)'>
            <p v-if="cell.win">win</p>
            <p>{{cell.id}}</p>
        </v-btn>
    </v-layout>
</template>

<script>

export default {
    data: () => {
        return {
            cells: {

            },
            winId: 0,
        }
    },
    methods: {
        generateCells() {
            this.winId = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100);
            for (var i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
                this.cells[i] = {
                    id: i,
                    color: 'info'
                }
            }
        },
        click(id) {
            if (this.cells[id] == this.winId) {
                alert('you win');
                this.cells[id].color = 'success';
            } else {
                this.cells[id].color = 'warning';
            }
        }
    },
    created() {
        this.generateCells();
    }
}

</script>

I expect the button class to be updated upon respected object update. The object .color prperty is updated but the class remains initial.

Answer 1

Due to the limitations of modern JavaScript (and the abandonment of Object.observe), Vue cannot detect property addition or deletion. Since Vue performs the getter/setter conversion process during instance initialization, a property must be present in the data object in order for Vue to convert it and make it reactive.

Read more here: Reactivity in Depth .

Vue provides an API to add properties to nested level objects and to make them reactive.

To do so, you can use

Vue.set(object, propertyName, value);

You can also use the vm.$set method

this.$set(this.someObject, 'b', 2);

So in your code, where you are setting the value of array you need to do

this.$set(this.cells, i, {
                           id: i,
                           color: 'info'
                         });

See the complete snippet below:

 window.onload = () => { new Vue({ el: '#app', data: () => { return { cells: { }, winId: 0, } }, methods: { generateCells() { this.winId = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100); for (var i = 0; i < 100; i++) { this.$set(this.cells, i, { id: i, color: 'info' }) } }, click(id) { if (this.cells[id] == this.winId) { alert('you win'); this.cells[id].color = 'success'; } else { this.cells[id].color = 'warning'; } } }, created() { this.generateCells(); } }) }

 body { padding: 1rem; } .info { color: blue; } .warning { color: red; } .success { color: green; }

 <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/vue/2.5.17/vue.js"></script> <div id="app"> <v-layout> <v-btn v-for="cell in cells" :key='cell.id' v-bind:class='cell.color' v-on:click='click(cell.id)'> <p v-if="cell.win">win</p> <p>{{cell.id}}</p> </v-btn> </v-layout> </div>

Answer 2

Read in detail about data and methods in the Vue documentation .

It should be noted that properties in data are only reactive if they existed when the instance was created. That means if you add a new property,like:

 vm.b = 'hi'

Then changes to b will not trigger any view updates.

you can use Vue.set() or this.$set() api when you set the prop value in loop.

or replace the whole object like:

var cells = {}
for (var i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
    cells[i] = {
    id: i,
    color: 'info'
    }
}
this.cells = cells

and then, in click callback:

var newCell = {}
if (this.cells[id] == this.winId) {
    alert('you win');
    newCell[id] = {id:id,color:'success'}
} else {
    newCell[id] = {id:id,color:'warning'}
}
this.cells = Object.assign({},this.cells,newCell)