推送被拒绝，无法编译Python应用，pythonnet：状态为“错误”

Question

I'm trying to deploy my Python based webapp to Heroku but I am getting this error:

error: option --single-version-externally-managed not recognized

I tried updating setuptools and wheel but its still happening.

Here is the full error message:

Running setup.py install for pythonnet: started
remote:            Running setup.py install for pythonnet: finished  with status 'error'
remote:            Complete output from command /app/.heroku/python/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-6ls167h_/pythonnet/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-hdv3d_au-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
remote:            usage: -c [global_opts] cmd1 [cmd1_opts] [cmd2 [cmd2_opts] ...]
remote:               or: -c --help [cmd1 cmd2 ...]
remote:               or: -c --help-commands
remote:               or: -c cmd --help
remote:
remote:            error: option --single-version-externally-managed not recognized

Here is my requirements.txt :

altgraph==0.16.1
astroid==2.2.5
atomicwrites==1.3.0
attrs==19.1.0
autopep8==1.4.4
beautifulsoup4==4.7.1
bs4==0.0.1
certifi==2019.6.16
chardet==3.0.4
chicken==0.1.0
Click==7.0
colorama==0.4.1
Django==2.2.1
dominate==2.3.5
egg==0.2.0
entrypoints==0.3
eyeD3==0.8.10
flake8==3.7.7
Flask==1.0.3
Flask-Bootstrap4==4.0.2
Flask-WTF==0.14.2
future==0.17.1
gunicorn==19.9.0
idna==2.8
importlib-metadata==0.18
isort==4.3.21
itsdangerous==1.1.0
Jinja2==2.10.1
lazy-object-proxy==1.4.1
lxml==4.3.4
macholib==1.11
MarkupSafe==1.1.1
mccabe==0.6.1
more-itertools==7.0.0
packaging==19.0
pefile==2019.4.18
pluggy==0.12.0
py==1.8.0
pycodestyle==2.5.0
pyflakes==2.1.1
PyInstaller==3.4
pylint==2.3.1
pymessenger==0.0.7.0
pyparsing==2.4.0
pytest==4.6.3
python-magic==0.4.15
pythonnet==2.4.0
pytube==9.5.1
pytz==2019.1
pywebview==2.4
pywin32-ctypes==0.2.0
requests==2.22.0
requests-toolbelt==0.9.1
six==1.12.0
soupsieve==1.9.2
spotify-downloader==0.4.2
spotipy==2.4.4
sqlparse==0.3.0
typed-ast==1.4.0
urllib3==1.25.3
virtualenv==16.6.0
visitor==0.1.3
wcwidth==0.1.7
Werkzeug==0.15.4
wrapt==1.11.2
WTForms==2.2.1
zipp==0.5.1

And here is my Procfile :

web: gunicorn app:app

Answer 1

Generally speaking, it's a good idea to use virtual environments to isolate one application's dependencies from others. Based on the contents of your requirements.txt I suspect that you're not doing this.

pywin32 definitely won't work on Heroku since it doesn't run Windows. pythonnet might be usable on Heroku but would require at least a custom buildpack since Heroku doesn't officially support .NET . If you don't really need them for this application, remove them from your requirements.txt and deploy again.

Ideally you would also remove any other libraries that you don't actually need, but as long as they run on Heroku they shouldn't cause deploy errors.