如何比较两个大小不同的字符串

Question

Lets just say string A = "ABCDEF" , string B = "ABC"

Is there a way to compare both these strings character by character?

For example: Lets say you wanted to iterate through each string,

 for(size of strings)
 if(A.at(i) == B.at(i)
 {
   do something
 }
 else
 {
   do something else
 }

You couldn't do it in a for loop since they're different sizes, any other suggestions?

Answer 1

You couldn't do it in a for loop since they're different sizes,

You absolutely can do it in a loop. You can use the following algorithm:

• Compare lengths of the strings
• Store the shorter length in n
• Do n iterations in loop
• Decide what you want to do with rest of the longer string

Answer 2

You could also take a look at something like std::lexogrphical_compare . It is used to sort words as they would be sorted in the dictionary. If you want to ensure that characters themselves are sorted in a different order, you can provide a function that does that comparison. For example, let's imagine that you want a letter 'c' to actually be sorted as a 'k'. You can accomplish that in the following manner:

bool comp(char c1, char c2)
{
  c1 = std::tolower(c1);
  c2 = std::tolower(c2);
  c1 = (c1=='c') ? 'k' : c1;
  c2 = (c2=='c') ? 'k' : c2;
  return c1 < c2;
}

// main.cpp
std::string str1 = "string c";
std::string str2 = "string d";
std::string str3 = "string k";

std::cout << std::boolalpha;
std::cout << str1 << ( std::lexographical_compare(str1, str2, comp) ? "<" : ">=" ) << str2 << std::endl;
std::cout << str1 << ( std::lexographical_compare(str1, str3, comp) ? "<" : ">=" ) << str3 << std::endl;
std::cout << str2 << ( std::lexographical_compare(str2, str3, comp) ? "<" : ">=" ) << str3 << std::endl;

Answer 3

if you use std::string, for comparison you can either use the compare function or use relational operators, provided with this class.

std::string str1 ("green apple");
std::string str2 ("red apple");

if (str1.compare(str2) != 0)
  std::cout << str1 << " is not " << str2 << '\n';

or

if (str1 != str2) std::cout << "str1 and str2 are not equal\n";

all other relational operators, ie, == < > <= >= are also available. It looks like in your case you only need == of != .

if you insist on comparing strings char by char, than you can do it in a loop in several ways. For example,

bool equal = true;
if (str1.length() != str2.length())
     equal = false;
else 
     for (int i = 0; equal && i < str1.length(); i++) 
        if (str1.at(i) != str2.at(i) 
           equal = false;