Selenium Maven项目与jenkins集成在Windows上工作，但同一项目在Linux上出现错误

Question

I have selenium testing Maven project and i create a job on jenkins to run the POM.xml file by integrating it with GitHub. So when i click on "Build Now" to run the job in Jenkins its directly get the entire code from git and works as expected with SUCCESS result on windows machine. But when i create the same job in Jenkins on Linux machine it gives me errors. Need help on this

    Started by user Admin fmcdjen
Running in Durability level: MAX_SURVIVABILITY
[Pipeline] Start of Pipeline
[Pipeline] node
Running on Jenkins in /var/jenkins_home/workspace/SeleniumTest
[Pipeline] {
[Pipeline] timeout
Timeout set to expire in 20 min
[Pipeline] {
[Pipeline] stage
[Pipeline] { (Checkout SCM)
[Pipeline] echo
Checking out git repo
[Pipeline] checkout
using credential gitHubID
 > git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree # timeout=10
Fetching changes from the remote Git repository
 > git config remote.origin.url git@github.ford.com:dealer-platform/QA-selenium-automation.git # timeout=10
Fetching upstream changes from git@github.ford.com:dealer-platform/QA-selenium-automation.git
 > git --version # timeout=10
using GIT_SSH to set credentials 
 > git fetch --tags --progress git@github.ford.com:dealer-platform/QA-selenium-automation.git +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
 > git rev-parse origin/master^{commit} # timeout=10
Checking out Revision 25693e55034bef998abb437292745132f8b9c1c4 (origin/master)
 > git config core.sparsecheckout # timeout=10
 > git checkout -f 25693e55034bef998abb437292745132f8b9c1c4
Commit message: "comitted"
 > git rev-list --no-walk 25693e55034bef998abb437292745132f8b9c1c4 # timeout=10
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // stage
[Pipeline] stage
[Pipeline] { (Maven Build & Unit Testing)
[Pipeline] echo
Maven build and test
[Pipeline] withMaven
[withMaven] Options: []
[withMaven] Available options: 
[withMaven] using JDK installation provided by the build agent
[withMaven] using Maven installation 'Maven_3.6.0'
[Pipeline] {
[Pipeline] sh
+ mvn test -DSuiteXmlFile=testng.xml
----- withMaven Wrapper script -----
Picked up JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS: -Dmaven.ext.class.path="/var/jenkins_home/workspace/SeleniumTest@tmp/withMavena8cb286b/pipeline-maven-spy.jar" -Dorg.jenkinsci.plugins.pipeline.maven.reportsFolder="/var/jenkins_home/workspace/SeleniumTest@tmp/withMavena8cb286b" 
Apache Maven 3.6.0 (97c98ec64a1fdfee7767ce5ffb20918da4f719f3; 2018-10-24T14:41:47-04:00)
Maven home: /var/jenkins_home/tools/hudson.tasks.Maven_MavenInstallation/Maven_3.6.0
Java version: 1.8.0_181, vendor: Oracle Corporation, runtime: /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre
Default locale: en, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "3.10.0-957.21.2.el7.x86_64", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"
[INFO] [jenkins-event-spy] Generate /var/jenkins_home/workspace/SeleniumTest@tmp/withMavena8cb286b/maven-spy-20190719-093036-9118622080910645891447.log.tmp ...
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[WARNING] 
[WARNING] Some problems were encountered while building the effective model for FMCDealerFramework:FMCDealerFramework:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[WARNING] 'dependencies.dependency.systemPath' for util.Xls_Reader:Xls_Reader:jar should not point at files within the project directory, ${project.basedir}/repository/xls_Reader.jar will be unresolvable by dependent projects @ line 42, column 24
[WARNING] 
[WARNING] It is highly recommended to fix these problems because they threaten the stability of your build.
[WARNING] 
[WARNING] For this reason, future Maven versions might no longer support building such malformed projects.
[WARNING] 
[INFO] 
[INFO] ---------------< FMCDealerFramework:FMCDealerFramework >----------------
[INFO] Building FMCDealerFramework 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ FMCDealerFramework ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.1:compile (default-compile) @ FMCDealerFramework ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ FMCDealerFramework ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /var/jenkins_home/workspace/SeleniumTest/src/test/resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ FMCDealerFramework ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:3.0.0-M3:test (default-test) @ FMCDealerFramework ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO] 
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]  T E S T S
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Running TestSuite
...
... TestNG 6.14.3 by Cédric Beust (cedric@beust.com)
...

pass
pass
pass
pass
Read test data file mailreport.properties...
No Recepient Email Ids found.
No Recepient Email Ids found.
No Recepient Email Ids found.
[ERROR] Tests run: 12, Failures: 8, Errors: 0, Skipped: 4, Time elapsed: 1.232 s <<< FAILURE! - in TestSuite
[ERROR] setUpBrowser(com.ford.FMCDealer.testcases.TC04_FMC_Quick_Filters)  Time elapsed: 0.362 s  <<< FAILURE!
java.lang.IllegalStateException: The driver is not executable: /var/jenkins_home/workspace/SeleniumTest/./lib/chromedriver.exe

[ERROR] tearDown(com.ford.FMCDealer.testcases.TC04_FMC_Quick_Filters)  Time elapsed: 0.443 s  <<< FAILURE!
java.lang.NullPointerException

[ERROR] setUpBrowser(com.ford.FMCDealer.testcases.TC07_FMC_Stemming)  Time elapsed: 0.446 s  <<< FAILURE!
java.lang.IllegalStateException: The driver is not executable: /var/jenkins_home/workspace/SeleniumTest/./lib/chromedriver.exe

[ERROR] tearDown(com.ford.FMCDealer.testcases.TC07_FMC_Stemming)  Time elapsed: 0.448 s  <<< FAILURE!
java.lang.NullPointerException

[ERROR] setUpBrowser(com.ford.FMCDealer.testcases.TC05_FMC_Toggle_to_change_view)  Time elapsed: 0.449 s  <<< FAILURE!
java.lang.IllegalStateException: The driver is not executable: /var/jenkins_home/workspace/SeleniumTest/./lib/chromedriver.exe

[ERROR] tearDown(com.ford.FMCDealer.testcases.TC05_FMC_Toggle_to_change_view)  Time elapsed: 0.45 s  <<< FAILURE!
java.lang.NullPointerException

[ERROR] setUpBrowser(com.ford.FMCDealer.testcases.TC03_FMC_Sort_Option_Filter)  Time elapsed: 0.453 s  <<< FAILURE!
java.lang.IllegalStateException: The driver is not executable: /var/jenkins_home/workspace/SeleniumTest/./lib/chromedriver.exe

[ERROR] tearDown(com.ford.FMCDealer.testcases.TC03_FMC_Sort_Option_Filter)  Time elapsed: 0.455 s  <<< FAILURE!
java.lang.NullPointerException

[INFO] 
[INFO] Results:
[INFO] 
[ERROR] Failures: 
[ERROR]   TC03_FMC_Sort_Option_Filter>TestCaseBase.setUpBrowser:104->TestCaseBase.selectBrowser:157->TestCaseBase.setUpChromeWin32:351 » IllegalState
[ERROR]   TC03_FMC_Sort_Option_Filter>TestCaseBase.tearDown:296 » NullPointer
[ERROR]   TC04_FMC_Quick_Filters>TestCaseBase.setUpBrowser:104->TestCaseBase.selectBrowser:157->TestCaseBase.setUpChromeWin32:351 » IllegalState
[ERROR]   TC04_FMC_Quick_Filters>TestCaseBase.tearDown:296 » NullPointer
[ERROR]   TC05_FMC_Toggle_to_change_view>TestCaseBase.setUpBrowser:104->TestCaseBase.selectBrowser:157->TestCaseBase.setUpChromeWin32:351 » IllegalState
[ERROR]   TC05_FMC_Toggle_to_change_view>TestCaseBase.tearDown:296 » NullPointer
[ERROR]   TC07_FMC_Stemming>TestCaseBase.setUpBrowser:104->TestCaseBase.selectBrowser:157->TestCaseBase.setUpChromeWin32:351 » IllegalState
[ERROR]   TC07_FMC_Stemming>TestCaseBase.tearDown:296 » NullPointer
[INFO] 
[ERROR] Tests run: 12, Failures: 8, Errors: 0, Skipped: 4
[INFO] 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  6.880 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2019-07-19T09:30:44-04:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] [jenkins-event-spy] Generated /var/jenkins_home/workspace/SeleniumTest@tmp/withMavena8cb286b/maven-spy-20190719-093036-9118622080910645891447.log
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:3.0.0-M3:test (default-test) on project FMCDealerFramework: There are test failures.
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] Please refer to /var/jenkins_home/workspace/SeleniumTest/target/surefire-reports for the individual test results.
[ERROR] Please refer to dump files (if any exist) [date].dump, [date]-jvmRun[N].dump and [date].dumpstream.
[ERROR] -> [Help 1]
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR] 
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException
[Pipeline] }
[withMaven] junitPublisher - Archive test results for Maven artifact FMCDealerFramework:FMCDealerFramework:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT generated by maven-surefire-plugin:test (default-test): target/surefire-reports/*.xml
[withMaven] junitPublisher - Jenkins JUnit Attachments Plugin not found, can't publish test attachments.Recording test results
[withMaven] Jenkins Task Scanner Plugin not found, don't display results of source code scanning for 'TODO' and 'FIXME' in pipeline screen.
[withMaven] Publishers: Pipeline Graph Publisher: 2 ms, Junit Publisher: 34 ms
[Pipeline] // withMaven
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // stage
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // timeout
[Pipeline] }
[Pipeline] // node
[Pipeline] End of Pipeline
ERROR: script returned exit code 1
Finished: FAILURE

Answer 1

Given you're running your test on a Linux box you need to use Linux chromedriver version

Ie for Chrome 75: https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html?path=75.0.3770.140/

You should be using https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/75.0.3770.140/chromedriver_linux64.zip

Make sure to make it executable by running chmod command like:

script {
    sh 'chmod +x /var/jenkins_home/workspace/SeleniumTest/./lib/chromedriver'
}

However it should be easier to integrate WebDriverManager to automatically download the necessary version of the driver for your browser.

If your Linux machine doesn't have GUI you will also either need to setup Xvfb or add --headless key to your browser initialization routine.

More information: How to use Jenkins pipeline to launch Selenium tests