如何调用def（main）中的def（dot）和def（dice）函数？

Question

I'm having trouble calling the top two functions from the third(main) function. I believe I have the coding correct(ignore the sizes and x,y coordinates) to display a the five side of a di but can't seem to figure out how to call the functions.

main objective is to display the five side of the di.

def dot(c,d):
 #draw each dot 
 circDot1 = Circle(Point(50, 50), 5).setFill('black')
 circDot1.draw(win)
 circDot3 = Circle(Point(50, 100), 5).setFill('black')
 circDot3.draw(win)
 circDot5 = Circle(Point(100, 50), 5).setFill('black')
 circDot5.draw(win)
 circDot7 = Circle(Point(100, 100), 5).setFill('black')
 circDot7.draw(win)
 circDot4 = Circle(Point(75, 75), 5).setFill('black')
 circDot4.draw(win)

def dice(a,b):

 #build the dice
 rectDice = Rectangle(Point(115, 115), Point(275,275))
 rectDice.setFill('pink')
 rectDice.setOutline('pink')
 rectDice.draw(win)


def main():
 # Create window, call dice function
 win = GraphWin("Dice", 400, 400)
 win.setBackground("cyan")
 dice("a","b")

Answer 1

There are few problems:

You don't execute main() to run program but maybe you didn't add this only in question.

---

win is local variable and functions don't have access to them. You should see it in error message as NameError: name 'win' is not defined in rectDice.draw(win) .

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#2>", line 30, in <module>
    main()
  File "<pyshell#2>", line 28, in main
    dice("a","b")
  File "<pyshell#2>", line 21, in dice
    rectDice.draw(win)
NameError: name 'win' is not defined

You may add win as argument

def dice(win, a, b):
    #build the dice
    rectDice = Rectangle(Point(115, 115), Point(275,275))
    rectDice.setFill('pink')
    rectDice.setOutline('pink')
    rectDice.draw(win)

def main():
    # Create window, call dice function
    win = GraphWin("Dice", 400, 400)
    win.setBackground("cyan")
    dice(win, "a","b")

or you would have to assign window to global variable - using global in main()

def dice(a, b):
    #build the dice
    rectDice = Rectangle(Point(115, 115), Point(275,275))
    rectDice.setFill('pink')
    rectDice.setOutline('pink')
    rectDice.draw(win)

def main():
    global win

    # Create window, call dice function
    win = GraphWin("Dice", 400, 400)
    win.setBackground("cyan")
    dice("a", "b")

The same problem is in dot()

---

In dot() you have other problem. You have to use setFill() in next line

circDot1 = Circle(Point(50, 50), 5)
circDot1.setFill('black')
circDot1.draw(win)

---

Full code:

from graphics import *

def dot(win, c, d):
    #draw each dot 
    circDot1 = Circle(Point(50, 50), 5)
    circDot1.setFill('black')
    circDot1.draw(win)

    circDot3 = Circle(Point(50, 100), 5)
    circDot3.setFill('black')
    circDot3.draw(win)

    circDot5 = Circle(Point(100, 50), 5)
    circDot5.setFill('black')
    circDot5.draw(win)

    circDot7 = Circle(Point(100, 100), 5)
    circDot7.setFill('black')
    circDot7.draw(win)

    circDot4 = Circle(Point(75, 75), 5)
    circDot4.setFill('black')
    circDot4.draw(win)

def dice(win, a, b):
    #build the dice
    rectDice = Rectangle(Point(115, 115), Point(275,275))
    rectDice.setFill('pink')
    rectDice.setOutline('pink')
    rectDice.draw(win)


def main():
    # Create window, call dice function
    win = GraphWin("Dice", 400, 400)
    win.setBackground("cyan")
    dice(win, "a", "b")
    dot(win, "c", "d")

main() 

Answer 2

I think your main() function is not even called too.

try to use this:

def main():
 # Create window, call dice function
 win = GraphWin("Dice", 400, 400)
 win.setBackground("cyan")
 dice("a","b")

if __name__== "__main__":
 main()

Reference: this link