如何在JpaRepository上运行自定义更新查询？（TransactionRequiredException）

Question

I am trying to write 2 native SQL queries in spring,

My query annotation with SQL in service class is:

    @Transactional
    @Scheduled(cron = "0 0/1 * * * *")
    void testMethod() {

    String query = "UPDATE BUDGET_GROUP_SPEND_SUMMARY BSS, USER U, EMPLOYEE_MOVE_STAGE EMS, BUDGET B, SERVICE_GROUP SG " +
                "SET BSS.BULK_RECALC_LOCK = true " +
                "WHERE BSS.EMPLOYEE_ID = U.USER_ID " +
                "AND U.USER_ID = EMS.USER_ID " +
                "AND BSS.BUDGET_GROUP_ID = B.BUDGET_ID " +
                "AND B.BUDGET_SERVICE_GROUP_ID IS NOT NULL " +
                "AND EMS.MOVE_STAGE_ID IN (1,2) " +
                "AND U.USER_CUSTOMER_STATUS IN ('MOVE_COMPLETED', 'LOST', 'GET_FEEDBACK', 'CLOSED_NO_FEEDBACK', 'ON_ASSIGNMENT') " +
                "AND B.BUDGET_SERVICE_GROUP_ID = SG.SERVICE_GROUP_ID " +
                "AND SG.MOVE_STAGE_ID = 1";

        Query nq = entityManager.createNativeQuery(query);

        nq.executeUpdate();
    }

But I received this error:

2019-09-12 18:28:00,012 ERROR [] o.s.s.s.TaskUtils$LoggingErrorHandler:95 - Unexpected error occurred in scheduled task.
javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: Executing an update/delete query
    at org.hibernate.jpa.spi.AbstractQueryImpl.executeUpdate(AbstractQueryImpl.java:54)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)

If I use entityManager.getTransaction().begin(); and entityManager.getTransaction().commit();

then its throwing :

2019-09-12 18:36:00,007 ERROR [] osssTaskUtils$LoggingErrorHandler:95 - Unexpected error occurred in scheduled task. java.lang.IllegalStateException: Not allowed to create transaction on shared EntityManager - use Spring transactions or EJB CMT instead at org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManager

Why do I get this error?

Or is there any other better way to implement custom update query with Jpa Repository ?

Answer 1

1. I assume Spring will not create a transaction proxy since your method is not public .
2. You should always try to avoid manual transaction management if you are using declarative Spring Transaction Manager
3. Your application should have a separate layer that handles DB calls . In your case, it's JPA repositories. So it's better to implement a query in a custom Jpa repository, inject its instance here and invoke appropriate method.