使用 dot dot dot (...) 表示从自定义 function 返回的列，用于 data.table object

Question

I want to use ... to indicate the variables I want to return from a self-defined function for a data.table object. Here is a minimal replicable example:

library(data.table)
d = data.table(mtcars)

getvar = function(...){
  return(d[,.(xyz = mean(hp), ...), cyl])
}

getvar(mpg, cyl, disp)

Error in [.data.table (d, , .(N =.N, ...), cyl): object 'cyl' not found

What I wish to get is:

d[,.(xyz = mean(hp), mpg, cyl, disp), cyl]

 #    cyl       xyz  mpg cyl  disp
 # 1:   6 122.28571 21.0   6 160.0
 # 2:   6 122.28571 21.0   6 160.0
 # 3:   6 122.28571 21.4   6 258.0
 # 4:   6 122.28571 18.1   6 225.0
 # 5:   6 122.28571 19.2   6 167.6

Anyone can share their solutions?

Answer 1

A possible solution is using mget in your function wich returns a list and then combining xyz with that with c . The columns that you want to add need to be specified as a character vector to make this work:

getvar = function(...){
  return(d[, c(xyz = mean(hp), mget(...)), cyl])
}

getvar(c("mpg", "cyl", "disp"))

which gives:

 > getvar(c("mpg", "cyl", "disp")) cyl xyz mpg cyl disp 1: 6 122.28571 21.0 6 160.0 2: 6 122.28571 21.0 6 160.0 3: 6 122.28571 21.4 6 258.0 4: 6 122.28571 18.1 6 225.0 5: 6 122.28571 19.2 6 167.6 6: 6 122.28571 17.8 6 167.6 7: 6 122.28571 19.7 6 145.0 8: 4 82.63636 22.8 4 108.0 9: 4 82.63636 24.4 4 146.7 10: 4 82.63636 22.8 4 140.8....

---

Or as an alternative a slight variation of @Rhonak's answer (thx to @zx8754):

getvar = function(...){
  mc <- match.call(expand.dots = FALSE)
  x <- as.character(mc$...)
  d[, c(xyz = mean(hp), mget(x)), cyl]
}

getvar(mpg, cyl, disp)

Answer 2

To get this to work without quoting the column names, you'd have to use some non-standard evaluation tactics:

getvar = function(...){
  vars <- substitute(list(xyz = mean(hp), ...))
  return(d[, eval(vars), cyl])
}

getvar(mpg, cyl, disp)

    cyl       xyz  mpg cyl  disp
 1:   6 122.28571 21.0   6 160.0
 2:   6 122.28571 21.0   6 160.0
 3:   6 122.28571 21.4   6 258.0
 4:   6 122.28571 18.1   6 225.0
 5:   6 122.28571 19.2   6 167.6
...etc...

Answer 3

Building up on answer by @Konrad Rudolph here , we can write the function

getvar = function(...){
   dots = match.call(expand.dots = FALSE)$...
   cols = sapply(dots, deparse)
   d[, c(xyz = mean(hp), mget(cols)), cyl]
   #thanks to @Jaap for simplified version
}

getvar(mpg, cyl, disp)
#    cyl    xyz  mpg cyl  disp
# 1:   6 122.29 21.0   6 160.0
# 2:   6 122.29 21.0   6 160.0
# 3:   6 122.29 21.4   6 258.0
# 4:   6 122.29 18.1   6 225.0
# 5:   6 122.29 19.2   6 167.6
# 6:   6 122.29 17.8   6 167.6
#....