在 django rest 测试中发出发布请求的问题

Question

I am working on testing a view that requires authentication to make a post request

user = User.objects.get(id=1)
self.client.force_login(user=user)
response = self.client.post(url, data, format="application/json")
self.assertEqual(response.status_code, status.HTTP_201_CREATED)

I am trying to get a specific user object to make force authentication but it fails to retrieve the objects and pops up the following error

System check identified 6 issues (0 silenced).
WARNING:rollbar:Rollbar already initialized. Ignoring re-init.
WARNING:django.request:Unauthorized: /v2/smsreader
.EWARNING:rollbar:Rollbar already initialized. Ignoring re-init.
.
======================================================================
ERROR: test_create_valid (dialer_app.tests.SMSReaderViewTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/ehab/Desktop/raseedi/raseedi/dialer_app/tests.py", line 45, in test_create_valid
    user = RaseediUser.objects.get(id=1)
  File "/home/ehab/Desktop/raseedi/envraseedi/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 82, in manager_method
    return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/ehab/Desktop/raseedi/envraseedi/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 408, in get
    self.model._meta.object_name
users.models.User.DoesNotExist: User matching query does not exist.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.031s

FAILED (errors=1)
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...

any help with that error?

Answer 1

This is a User.DoesNotExist exception. This means you don't have any User with provided criteria because your test starts with empty (blank) test database. If you're using built-in testing framework and want to test database-baked case, you have several options:

1. Make a fixture from development database and load it in the begging of your tests: official docs (double check that you have such User record when dumping data from dev database) Example from offsite:

from django.test import TestCase from myapp.models import Animal

class AnimalTestCase(TestCase): fixtures = ['mammals.json', 'birds']

def setUp(self):
    # Test definitions as before.
    call_setup_methods()

def test_fluffy_animals(self):
    # A test that uses the fixtures.
    call_some_test_code()

2. Create instances in the beginning of your test as usual.

Also there is an additional option - data migration, but second option is most easy to use - create needed instance(s) and run your test case.

Providing initial data for models