如何通过 shell 脚本从目录名称中删除特定前缀

Question

I created several directly like following

admin_users/
admin_cars/
admin_roles/
admin_.../
... other 8 directories.

Now, I want to move these files to admin directory, and delete suffix.

users
cars
roles
... other 8 directories.

How can I do this?

Answer 1

With [p]rename (which is available on most systems):

rename 's/_/\//' admin_*/

admin_*/ expands to directories whose name starts with admin_ , and s/_/\// replaces the first underscore with a slash.

Answer 2

So, I take that you want to delete the prefix 'admin'? If you are sure that that's going to be the name of your directory, you can manually create the directory admin.

After that,

• you can loop through the current directory (provided you run the script from the concerned directory)
• find all the directories
• extract the part after the underscore
• use it to rename and move in the admin directory.

Something along the lines of this --

#!/bin/bash

for file in `ls -l | grep "^d" | awk '{print $9}'`; do
    suff=`echo $file | cut -d '_' -f 2`
    echo $suff
    mv $file admin/$suff
done

Answer 3

Now, I want to copy these files to admin directory, and delete suffix.

You said you want to Copy those directories to another parent dir. cp command supports defining the target file name:

cp -r admin_users /path/to/admin/users

You can just write a loop for that. For the "removing prefix" part, say f is the variable in your loop:

kent$  echo $f
admin_users
kent$  echo "/path/to/admin/${f##admin_}"
/path/to/admin/users