类型上不存在属性但属性存在

Question

I can't understand why TypeScript throw out the error

interface SendMessageAction {
    type: 1;
}

interface DeleteMessageAction {
    type: 2;
    idBlock:string;
}

type ChatActionTypes = SendMessageAction | DeleteMessageAction;


const CounterReducer = (action:ChatActionTypes) => {
    action.idBlock
}
    Property 'idBlock' does not exist on type 'ChatActionTypes'.
    Property 'idBlock' does not exist on type 'SendMessageAction'.

Field idBlock exist in interface DeleteMessageAction

How to fix error?

Answer 1

If you analyze the error message given, it says the following thing:

Property 'idBlock' does not exist on type 'ChatActionTypes'.

Property 'idBlock' does not exist on type 'SendMessageAction'.

typescript cannot deduce from your usage that the action: ChatActionTypes is a DeleteMessageAction , as you have specified it as a ChatActionTypes . So Typescript warns you that it can't find it on 2 out of 3 possible matches for the ChatActionTypes .

If you would first validate the type on the action argument, typescript would be able to deduce that action is at that time a DeleteMessageAction , for example by doing:

const CounterReducer = (action:ChatActionTypes) => {
   if (action.type === 2) { // 2 is mentioned on DeleteMessageAction for type
     action.idBlock; // so you can now do something with idBlock here
   }
}