需要帮助在 python 中制作一个简单的字典

Question

I need a simple dictionary which works like this: first it takes the number of words(n) which we have the translations in 4 languages, then we enter on each line (totally n line) the words we have with their translations seperarated by space as dictionary source, then we need to ask user to enter a phrase which might have more than words it was provided before as dictionary source, and the phrase can be in not only one specific language, for example it might be a mix of English, French and German, but we need to translate the phrase to the first language which is Persian in our case, and if there's no translation it will simply print the word itself. so here is the code :

def read_dictionary():
for i in range(0, words_num):
    dict_words = str(input())
    words[dict_words.split()[0]] = dict_words.split()[1:]


def translator():
    translation = ""
    input_phrase = str(input("Enter your phrase to translate please: ")).split()
    for word in input_phrase:
        for k, v in words.items():
            if word in v:
                translation += (k + " ")
            else:
                translation += (word + " ")
    print(translation)

words_num = int(input("Enter the number of existing translated words in dictionary: "))
words = {}
read_dictionary()
translator()

so here's sample input and desired output:

**input:**
Enter the number of existing translated words in dictionary: 
4
man I je ich        
kheili very très sehr
alaghemand interested intéressé interessiert 
barnamenevisi programming laprogrammation Programmierung
Enter your phrase to translate please: 
I am very interested in programming
**output:**
man am kheili alaghemand in barnamenevisi

but it output like this instead:

man I I I am am am am very kheili very very interested interested alaghemand interested in in in in programming programming programming barnamenevisi 

Answer 1

The issue stems from your translator() function.

For each word in the input_phrase , you iterate through each k, v pair in words.items() . Good so far.

So what do we want to happen? We want to look through each pair of k, v until we find a matching word (in v ), then (if we do) we want to add the key k to the translation we're building. If we don't find a matching word, we just add the original word value to translation .

The problem with your code is that even if you do find a word, you keep looking through the remaining keys in the dictionary. Also, for each key in the dictionary you're either adding it's translation, or the starting word , when you should only be adding the base word if you don't find a match.

Personally, I would move your inner for loop into a new function called translate_word() or something similar, but a simple way to fix your translator() function without major changes is as follows:

def translator():
    translation = ""
    input_phrase = str(input("Enter your phrase to translate please: ")).split()
    for word in input_phrase:
        found = False
        for k, v in words.items():
            if word in v:
                translation += (k + " ")
                found = True
                break
        if not found:
            translation += (word + " ")
    print(translation)

In the new translator() function, you can see that for each new word, you set a variable found to False . found will represent whether or not you have found a suitable translation in the dictionary.

You'll then iterate through the dictionary. If you find a match, you add k to the translation, set found to True (because you've found a translation), and break out of the inner for loop.

Once out of the inner for loop, you check if you had found a translation for word . If you did not find a translation, you simply add the word to the translation .

Answer 2

Instead of one dictionary(containing three languages) for each word, you can define a dictionary for each language something like :

dct_eng=dict(), dct_frnch=dict() , dct_grmn=dict()

key of each dictionary is the first word from input, this key is same for all three and respectively value of each dict will be second and third and forth word rom input now you can loop through each word and again loop through each value in dictionary to find corresponding keys of value and finally use found = False mechanism like Kieran Moynihan mentioned to get translation of word or get word itself in case translation does not exist in dictionaries.

translation=''
for word in sentence:# sentence is a list of words which user inputs
found=False
for item in words_dct_eng.keys():
    if word== words_dct_eng[item]:
        translate+=str(item)+' '
        found = True
    if word == words_dct_frch[item]:
        translate += str(item) + ' '
        found = True
    if word == words_dct_grmn[item]:
        translate += str(item) + ' '
        found=True
if not found:
    translate += str(word) + ' '