如何在 SQL 中解析 Json

Question

I try to parse JSON with the function OPENJSON with a CROSS APLY but I have some problems.

My Json is like this:

 [
   {
      "Communications":[
         {
            "ID_Communication":null,
            "CommunicationType":"HOME",
            "CommunicationValue":"0602060206",
            "Priority":0,
            "Disabled":false
         },
         {
            "ID_Communication":null,
            "CommunicationType":"MOBILE",
            "CommunicationValue":"0602060306",
            "Priority":0,
            "Disabled":false
         },
         {
            "ID_Communication":null,
            "CommunicationType":"EMAIL",
            "CommunicationValue":"MONEMAIL@EMAIL.FR",
            "Priority":0,
            "Disabled":false
         }
      ],
      "InternalId":23126,
      "ExternalId":"",
      "LastUpdateDate":"2020-01-05T12:04:53",
      "Type1":{
         "Id":1
      },
      "Type2":{
         "Id":2
      },
      "Type3":null,
      "Title":{
         "Id":1
      },
      "LastName":"TOTO",
      "FirstName":"TITI",
      "OrganizationName":"",
      "Sex":"M",
      "BirthDate":"1959-10-07T00:00:00",
      "Adresses":[
         {
            "ID_Address":null,
            "Address1":"1 RUE DE FRANCE",
            "Address2":"",
            "Address3":"",
            "Address4":null,
            "ZipCode":"94500",
            "CityName":"MA VILLE",
            "Country":{
               "Id":"FR"
            },
            "Type":null,
            "State":null,
            "Priority":0,
            "ScopeId":0
         }
      ],
      "Language":{
         "Id":"FR"
      },
      "Comment":"",
      "PassportNumber":"",
      "IdentityCardNumber":"",
      "Nationality":null,
      "SocialGroup":{
         "Id":1
      },
      "OptIns":[
         {
            "OptInType":"OPT_CLUB",
            "OptInLabel":"Optin club",
            "OptInValue":0
         },
         {
            "OptInType":"OPT_PART",
            "OptInLabel":"Optin partenaires",
            "OptInValue":0
         }
      ],
      "WebLogin":"MONEMAIL@EMAIL.FR"
   }
]

I have try a query like this: This Query try to get differents informations about this JSON.

declare @JSON_CONTACT nvarchar(MAX)

SELECT @JSON_CONTACT = '[
   {
      "Communications":[
         {
            "ID_Communication":null,
            "CommunicationType":"HOME",
            "CommunicationValue":"0602060206",
            "Priority":0,
            "Disabled":false
         },
         {
            "ID_Communication":null,
            "CommunicationType":"MOBILE",
            "CommunicationValue":"0602060306",
            "Priority":0,
            "Disabled":false
         },
         {
            "ID_Communication":null,
            "CommunicationType":"EMAIL",
            "CommunicationValue":"MONEMAIL@EMAIL.FR",
            "Priority":0,
            "Disabled":false
         }
      ],
      "InternalId":23126,
      "ExternalId":"",
      "LastUpdateDate":"2020-01-05T12:04:53",
      "Type1":{
         "Id":1
      },
      "Type2":{
         "Id":2
      },
      "Type3":null,
      "Title":{
         "Id":1
      },
      "LastName":"TOTO",
      "FirstName":"TITI",
      "OrganizationName":"",
      "Sex":"M",
      "BirthDate":"1959-10-07T00:00:00",
      "Adresses":[
         {
            "ID_Address":null,
            "Address1":"1 RUE DE FRANCE",
            "Address2":"",
            "Address3":"",
            "Address4":null,
            "ZipCode":"94500",
            "CityName":"MA VILLE",
            "Country":{
               "Id":"FR"
            },
            "Type":null,
            "State":null,
            "Priority":0,
            "ScopeId":0
         }
      ],
      "Language":{
         "Id":"FR"
      },
      "Comment":"",
      "PassportNumber":"",
      "IdentityCardNumber":"",
      "Nationality":null,
      "SocialGroup":{
         "Id":1
      },
      "OptIns":[
         {
            "OptInType":"OPT_CLUB",
            "OptInLabel":"Optin club",
            "OptInValue":0
         },
         {
            "OptInType":"OPT_PART",
            "OptInLabel":"Optin partenaires",
            "OptInValue":0
         }
      ],
      "WebLogin":"MONEMAIL@EMAIL.FR"
   }
]'

DROP TABLE TEMP_JSON_RCT_TEST_PARSE

SELECT *
INTO TEMP_JSON_RCT_TEST_PARSE   
FROM OPENJSON (@JSON_CONTACT)
WITH (  
        FIRSTNAME nvarchar(50) '$.FirstName',
        LASTNAME nvarchar(50) '$.LastName',
        Sex nvarchar(2) '$.Sex',
        BirthDate date  '$.BirthDate',
        Communications nvarchar(max) AS JSON
) AS Communications
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(Communications)
WITH (
    CommunicationType  nvarchar(50),
    CommunicationValue nvarchar(50),
    Adresses nvarchar(max) AS JSON
) AS Adresses
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(Adresses)
WITH (
    Address1 nvarchar(100)
)

I would like my select return:

FIRSTNAME, LASTNAME, SEX, BIRTHDATE, EMAIL, MOBILE, HOME, LASTUPDATEDATE, ADDRESS1, ADRESSE2, ADDRESSE3, ADDRESS4, ZIPCODE, CITYNAME, OPT_CLUB, OPT_PART

VALUES:
MY FIRSTNAME, MYLASTNAME, M, 09/05/1989, MONEMAIL@EMAIL.FR, 0602060306,0602060206, 2020-01-05T12:04:53, 1 RUE DE FRANCE, , , , 94500, MA VILLE, 0, 0

When I execute my query, that return null, I don't understand why.

Can you help about this ?

Answer 1

Address is part of main entity

SELECT *
FROM OPENJSON (@JSON_CONTACT)
WITH (  
        FIRSTNAME nvarchar(50) '$.FirstName',
        LASTNAME nvarchar(50) '$.LastName',
        Sex nvarchar(2) '$.Sex',
        BirthDate date  '$.BirthDate',
        Communications nvarchar(max) AS JSON,
        Adresses nvarchar(max) AS JSON
) AS Communications
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(Communications)
WITH (
    CommunicationType  nvarchar(50),
    CommunicationValue nvarchar(50)    
) AS Adresses
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(Adresses)
WITH (
    Address1 nvarchar(100)
)

Answer 2

This seems to return your expected results, but note that this works only if OptIns and Communications JSON arrays has the structure in the question. You need to use OPENJSON() with explicit schema and AS JSON clause for nested JSON arrays:

SELECT 
   FIRSTNAME, LASTNAME, SEX, BIRTHDATE, 
   EMAIL, MOBILE, HOME, 
   LASTUPDATEDATE, ADDRESS1, ADDRESS2, ADDRESS3, ADDRESS4, ZIPCODE, CITYNAME,
   OPT_CLUB, OPT_PART
FROM OPENJSON(@JSON_CONTACT, '$') WITH (
   FIRSTNAME nvarchar(100) '$.FirstName',
   LASTNAME nvarchar(100) '$.LastName',
   SEX nvarchar(1) '$.Sex',
   BIRTHDATE nvarchar(100) '$.BirthDate',
   Communications nvarchar(max) '$.Communications' AS JSON,
   Adresses nvarchar(max) '$.Adresses' AS JSON,
   LASTUPDATEDATE nvarchar(100) '$.LastUpdateDate',
   OptIns nvarchar(max) '$.OptIns' AS JSON
) j1
CROSS APPLY (
   SELECT
      MAX(CASE WHEN CommunicationType = 'EMAIL' THEN CommunicationValue END) AS EMAIL,
      MAX(CASE WHEN CommunicationType = 'MOBILE' THEN CommunicationValue END) AS MOBILE,
      MAX(CASE WHEN CommunicationType = 'HOME' THEN CommunicationValue END) AS HOME
   FROM OPENJSON(j1.Communications) WITH (
      CommunicationType nvarchar(100) '$.CommunicationType',
      CommunicationValue nvarchar(100) '$.CommunicationValue'
   )   
) j2
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(j1.Adresses) WITH (
   ADDRESS1 nvarchar(100) '$.Address1',
   ADDRESS2 nvarchar(100) '$.Address2',
   ADDRESS3 nvarchar(100) '$.Address3',
   ADDRESS4 nvarchar(100) '$.Address4',
   ZIPCODE nvarchar(100) '$.ZipCode',
   CITYNAME nvarchar(100) '$.CityName'
) j3
CROSS APPLY (
   SELECT
      MAX(CASE WHEN OptInType = 'OPT_CLUB' THEN OptInValue END) AS OPT_CLUB,
      MAX(CASE WHEN OptInType = 'OPT_PART' THEN OptInValue END) AS OPT_PART
   FROM OPENJSON(j1.OptIns) WITH (
      OptInType nvarchar(100) '$.OptInType',
      OptInValue int '$.OptInValue'
   )   
) j4

Result (with the JOSN in the question):

FIRSTNAME   LASTNAME    SEX BIRTHDATE           EMAIL               MOBILE      HOME        LASTUPDATEDATE      ADDRESS1        ADDRESS2    ADDRESS3    ADDRESS4    ZIPCODE CITYNAME    OPT_CLUB    OPT_PART
TITI        TOTO        M   1959-10-07T00:00:00 MONEMAIL@EMAIL.FR   0602060306  0602060206  2020-01-05T12:04:53 1 RUE DE FRANCE                                     94500   MA VILLE    0           0