Elasticsearch 匹配完整的术语数组

Question

I need to match a complete array of terms with elasticsearch. Only documents that have a array with the same elements should be returned. There should be neither more elements nor a subset of elements in the document's array. The order of elements does not matter.

Example:

 filter:
   id: ["a", "b"]

 documents:  
   id: ["a", "b"] -> match  
   id: ["b", "a"] -> match  
   id: ["a"] -> no match  
   id: ["a", "b", "c"] -> no match  

Eventually I want to use Java High Level REST Client to implement the query, though a example for elasticsearch dsl will do as well.

Answer 1

I'd like to propose something that will prevent you from maintaining a long chain of "must" conditions as soon as your requirements will change (eg, imagine you have an array of six items to match). I'm going to rely on a script query, which might look like over-engineered but it will be easy to create a search template out of it ( https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.5/search-template.html ).

{
"query": {
    "bool": {
      "filter": {
        "script": {
          "script": {
            "source": """
              def ids = new ArrayList(doc['id.keyword']);
              def param = new ArrayList(params.terms);
              def isSameSize = ids.size() == param.size();
              def isSameContent = ids.containsAll(param);
              return isSameSize && isSameContent
            """,
            "lang": "painless",
            "params": {
              "terms": [ "a", "b" ]
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

This way, the only thing that you will need to change is the value of the terms parameter.

Answer 2

While this does not seem to be supported natively you could go ahead and use a script filter to achieve this behavior like so:

GET your_index/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "script": {
            "script": "doc['tags'].values.length == 2"
          }
        },
        {
          "term": {
            "tags": {
              "value": "a"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "term": {
            "tags": {
              "value": "b"
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

The script filter limits the search result by the array size while the term filters specify the values of that array. Make sure to enable fielddata on the tags field in order to execute scripts on it.