使用 tkInter 选择页面

Question

I'm new to python and trying to make a GUI with tkinter for a study application. I'm having trouble setting up my program to be able to navigate to different pages. I used this stack overflow question to set up my code.

Using buttons in Tkinter to navigate to different pages of the application?

the problem with this particular solution is that it creates buttons at the top of the parent window that allow the user to navigate to each page in the program. It wouldn't make sense in my program to allow the user to navigate to any page at any time. How would I create a button on a specific page that allows me to navigate to a different page?

study_button() is my attempt at this

from tkinter import *

#initializes each page as a class
class Page(Frame):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
    def show(self):
        self.lift()

#creates a specific page
class SelectionPage(Page):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        Page.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        label = Label(self, text='selection page')
        label.pack()

        def study_button():
            studypage = StudyPage(self)
            studypage.lift()

            print("study")

        studybutton = Button(self, text = "Study", command=study_button)
        studybutton.pack()


class StudyPage(Page):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        Page.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        label = Label(self, text = 'this is the study page')
        label.pack()

class ModifyPage(Page):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        Page.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        label = Label(self, text = 'this is the modify page')
        label.pack()
#base page
class MainView(Frame):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

        studypage = StudyPage(self)
        selectionpage = SelectionPage(self)
        modifypage = ModifyPage(self)

        container = Frame(self)
        container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)

        studypage.place(in_=container, x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)
        selectionpage.place(in_=container, x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)
        modifypage.place(in_=container, x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)

        selectionpage.show()



if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = Tk()
    main = MainView(root)
    main.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
    root.wm_geometry("400x400")
    root.mainloop()

Answer 1

Here's how to apply the pattern shown in one of @Bryan Oakley's many other tkinter-related answers to your code. It adds a pages dictionary attribute to the MainView class which can be used in the Page subclasses to reference any of the instance of the others by their class name.

To facilitate that, a named controller argument has been added to the calling sequence of each subclass. This will be the instance of MainView controlling them.

Note I also added a Button to your StudyPage that goes to the ModifyPage to give you a better idea of the pattern.

from tkinter import *


class Page(Frame):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

    def show(self):
        self.lift()


class SelectionPage(Page):
    def __init__(self, controller, *args, **kwargs):
        Page.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        label = Label(self, text='Selection page')
        label.pack()

        def study_button():
            studypage = controller.pages['StudyPage']
            studypage.show()
            print("study")

        studybutton = Button(self, text="Study", command=study_button)
        studybutton.pack()


class StudyPage(Page):
    def __init__(self, controller, *args, **kwargs):
        Page.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        label = Label(self, text='This is the study page')
        label.pack()

        def modify_button():
            modifypage = controller.pages['ModifyPage']
            modifypage.show()
            print("modifying")

        modifybutton = Button(self, text="Modify", command=modify_button)
        modifybutton.pack()


class ModifyPage(Page):
    def __init__(self, controller, *args, **kwargs):
        Page.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        label = Label(self, text='This is the modify page')
        label.pack()


class MainView(Frame):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

        # Create dictionary of Page subclasses.
        self.pages = {}
        for Subclass in (StudyPage, SelectionPage, ModifyPage):
            self.pages[Subclass.__name__] = Subclass(self)

        studypage, selectionpage, modifypage = self.pages.values()

        container = Frame(self)
        container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)

        studypage.place(in_=container, x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)
        selectionpage.place(in_=container, x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)
        modifypage.place(in_=container, x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)

        selectionpage.show()



if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = Tk()
    main = MainView(root)
    main.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
    root.wm_geometry("400x400")
    root.mainloop()