如何在不关闭 IronPython 中的 .NET 应用程序的情况下关闭 WPF 窗口

Question

So I'm writing a WPF application with IronPython. Everything works great if I run the script outside of IronPython REPL via command "ipy.exe wpf.py". However, if the script were run inside IronPython REPL via command "execfile('wpf.py')", the first time it runs OK, the second time it errors out "SystemError: Cannot create more than one System.Windows.Application instance in the same AppDomain."

From my understanding, it's because it'll create a new AppDomain every time you run it outside REPL while it'll share the same domain when running inside REPL, and you can initialize Application twice. The problem is I have to run it inside the same AppDomain many times as it's not a standalone IronPython application. I've tried many things such as change shutdown mode by add app.ShutdownMode = ShutdownMode.OnExplicitShutdown after app=Application() , but that just hang the whole REPL.

Can someone please help shed some light? Thank you very much!

import clr
clr.AddReference("PresentationFramework")
clr.AddReference("PresentationCore")
clr.AddReference("System.Xml")

from System.Xml import XmlReader
from System.IO import StringReader
from System.Windows.Markup import XamlReader
from System.Windows import Application

s = XmlReader.Create(StringReader('''
<Window
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    Title="IronPython MVVM Demo2"
    Width="450"
    SizeToContent="Height">
    <Grid Margin="15" x:Name="grid1">  
        <StackPanel Margin="5">
            <Button Margin="5">One</Button>
            <Button Margin="5">Two</Button>
            <Button Margin="5">Three</Button>
        </StackPanel>   
    </Grid>
</Window>
'''))

win = XamlReader.Load(s)

app = Application()     
app.Run(win)
print("The End.")   

Answer 1

I believe you need to create a long-running STA thread to host the Applilcation, and communicate with it through the Applciations's Dispatcher. Here's an example in C#:

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows;
using System.Xml;


namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void ShowWindow(string Xaml)
        {
            var s = XmlReader.Create(new StringReader(Xaml));
            var win = (Window)System.Windows.Markup.XamlReader.Load(s);
            win.ShowDialog();
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

           Application app = null;
           var UIThread = new Thread(() =>
           {
               app = new Application();
               app.ShutdownMode = ShutdownMode.OnExplicitShutdown;
               app.Run();
           });

            UIThread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);
            UIThread.Start();

            while (app == null )
                Thread.Sleep(100);

            app.Dispatcher.Invoke(() => Console.WriteLine("Started"));


            var xaml = @"
        <Window
            xmlns = ""http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation""
            xmlns:x = ""http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml""
            Title = ""IronPython MVVM Demo2""
            Width = ""450""
            SizeToContent = ""Height"">
            <Grid Margin = ""15"" x:Name = ""grid1"">
                <StackPanel Margin = ""5"">
                    <Button Margin = ""5""> One </Button>
                    <Button Margin = ""5""> Two </Button>
                    <Button Margin = ""5""> Three </Button>
                </StackPanel>
            </Grid>
        </Window>";        

            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
            {

                Application.Current.Dispatcher.Invoke(() =>
                {
                    ShowWindow(xaml);
                });
            }

            Application.Current.Dispatcher.Invoke(() =>
            {
                Application.Current.Shutdown();
            });

        }
    }
}