计算并定义具有特定 ID 前缀的输入数量

Question

I have a table with 33 inputs with ID's ranging from 1 - 33. So for example they range from "price-1" all the way to "price-33"

Instead of individually define these elements one by one like this:

var p1 = document.getElementById("price-1");
var p2 = document.getElementById("price-2");

How can I automatically count (perhaps count by the price- prefix?) and define each of these elements using JavaScript (or jQuery if it's easier)?

Answer 1

You can try using Attribute selectors ( starts with:- [attr^=value] ):

Represents elements with an attribute name of attr whose value is prefixed (preceded) by value.

Demo: Using vanilla JS:

 var elList = document.querySelectorAll('[id^=price-]'); console.log(elList.length); //5 //loop throgh all the elements whose id starts with price- var data = {}; elList.forEach(function(el){ data[el.id] = el.value; }); console.log(data);

 <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <input id="price-1" value="100"/> <input id="price-2" value="200"/> <input id="price-3" value="300"/> <input id="price-4" value="400"/> <input id="price-5" value="500"/>

OR: Using jQuery

 var count = $('[id^=price-]').length; console.log(count); //5 //loop throgh all the elements whose id starts with price- var data = {}; $('[id^=price-]').each(function(){ data[this.id] = this.value; }); console.log(data);

 <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <input id="price-1" value="100"/> <input id="price-2" value="200"/> <input id="price-3" value="300"/> <input id="price-4" value="400"/> <input id="price-5" value="500"/>

Answer 2

You can use querySelectorAll for this purpose:

 // Get all elements where id starts with `price` text const prices = document.querySelectorAll('*[id^="price"]'); // Loop through each one of them [...prices].forEach(price => { console.log('id: ', price.id); console.log('value: ', price.value); });

 <input type="text" id="price-1" value="10" /> <input type="text" id="price-2" value="20"/>

Answer 3

尝试这个：

document.querySelectorAll('[id^="price-"]').forEach((el, i) => console.log(el, i))

Answer 4

The motivation why I would prefer to use a data field is because I consider id to be a unique identifier related to the DOM element.

Your example doesn't suggest price being a unique identifier, but rather a workaround to allow crawling the DOM for price element.
Even when it would concern a unique identifier, let's say an id as primary key from a database, I would use something like data-id , as this more descriptively mentions that we are talking about the actual data rather than a DOM element's id that may or may not be just a generic description that merely focuses on uniqueness.

Because of this, it makes more sense to have a generic attribute to identify the price (this anything you want it to be semantically), and you can allocate custom data field that you want to retrieve later in your javascript code.

Without being fancy:

<div>
    <div data-type="price" data-price='5'>5<span>$</span></div>
    <div data-type="price" data-price='6'>6<span>$</span></div>
</div>

var prices = document.querySelectorAll("[data-type='price']");

for (let i = 0; i < prices.length; i++) {
    console.log('price:', prices[i].getAttribute('data-price'));
}

https://jsfiddle.net/b03c7ars/