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在 SELECT 语句中动态设置变量

[英]Set a variable dynamically within a SELECT statement

 原文  2020-03-06 10:41:35  1   1    sql/ sql-server/ database/ sap/ sql-data-warehouse

问题描述

I have an SQL database with several SAP data tables and an SQL statement which looks like this:我有一个包含多个 SAP 数据表和一个 SQL 语句的 SQL 数据库，如下所示：

SELECT DISTINCT
AFKO.PLNBEZ AS 'Material',
MAKT.MAKTX AS 'Material Number', 
AFKO.AUFNR AS 'Order', 
AFVC.VORNR AS 'Operation Number',
CRTX.KTEXT AS 'Operation Text', 
AFVV.VGW01 AS 'Estimated Hours 1',
AFVV.VGW02 AS 'Estimated Hours 2',
AFVV.VGW03 AS 'Estimated Hours 3',
AFVV.VGW04 AS 'Estimated Hours 4',
AFVV.VGW05 AS 'Estimated Hours 5',
AFVV.VGW06 AS 'Estimated Hours 6',
AFVV.ISM01 AS 'Actual Hours 1',
AFVV.ISM02 AS 'Actual Hours 2',
AFVV.ISM03 AS 'Actual Hours 3',
AFVV.ISM04 AS 'Actual Hours 4',
AFVV.ISM05 AS 'Actual Hours 5',
AFVV.ISM06 AS 'Actual Hours 6',

(SELECT TOP 1
    AFRU.ISDD
    FROM AFRU 
    WHERE AUFNR = AFKO.AUFNR
      AND RUECK = AFVC.RUECK
    ORDER BY ISDD ASC
) AS 'Op Actual Start Date',

(SELECT TOP 1
    AFRU.ISDZ
    FROM AFRU 
    WHERE AUFNR = AFKO.AUFNR
      AND RUECK = AFVC.RUECK
    ORDER BY ISDZ ASC
) AS 'Op Actual Start Time',

(SELECT TOP 1
    AFRU.IEDD
    FROM AFRU 
    WHERE AUFNR = AFKO.AUFNR
      AND RUECK = AFVC.RUECK
    ORDER BY IEDD DESC
) AS 'Op Actual Finish Date',

(SELECT TOP 1
    AFRU.IEDZ
    FROM AFRU 
    WHERE AUFNR = AFKO.AUFNR
      AND RUECK = AFVC.RUECK
    ORDER BY IEDD DESC
) AS 'Op Actual Finish Time',

AFVC.RUECK AS 'Confirmation Number',
AFVC.ARBID AS 'OBJID',
AFKO.GSTRI AS 'Order Actual Start Date',
AFKO.GETRI AS 'Order Confirmed Finish Date',
COUNT(AFRU.RUECK) AS "No. of Confirmations",

CASE
    WHEN COUNT(AFRU.RUECK) = 0 THEN 'Confirmed on mass'
    WHEN COUNT(AFRU.RUECK) = 1 THEN 'Auto Confirmation'
    ELSE 'User clocked on & off'
END AS Accuracy

FROM AFKO
INNER JOIN afvc ON afvc.AUFPL = AFKO.AUFPL
LEFT OUTER JOIN AFRU afru.rueck = afvc.rueck
INNER JOIN MAKT ON AFKO.PLNBEZ = MAKT.MATNR 
INNER JOIN CRHD ON crhd.OBJID = afvc.ARBID
INNER JOIN CRTX ON AFVC.ARBID = CRTX.OBJID 
INNER JOIN AFVV ON AFVC.AUFPL = AFVV.AUFPL
               AND AFVC.APLZL = AFVV.APLZL 
INNER JOIN AUFK ON AFKO.AUFNR = AUFK.AUFNR
WHERE AUFK.WERKS = 1000
AND (crhd.ARBPL LIKE 'BSCREBAR'
OR crhd.ARBPL LIKE 'BSCFISET'
OR crhd.ARBPL LIKE 'BSCWDSP'
OR crhd.ARBPL LIKE 'BSCPRSET'
OR crhd.ARBPL LIKE 'BSCCAST'
OR crhd.ARBPL LIKE 'BSCDEMLD' )

GROUP BY AFKO.PLNBEZ, MAKT.MAKTX, AFKO.AUFNR, AFVC.VORNR, CRTX.KTEXT, AFVV.VGW01, AFVV.VGW02, AFVV.VGW03, AFVV.VGW04, AFVV.VGW05, AFVV.VGW06, 
AFVV.ISM01, AFVV.ISM02, AFVV.ISM03, AFVV.ISM04, AFVV.ISM05, AFVV.ISM06, AFRU.ISDD, AFRU.ISDZ, AFRU.IEDD, AFRU.IEDZ, AFVC.RUECK, AFVC.ARBID, AFKO.GSTRI, AFKO.GETRI
;

The issue is that my COUNT(AFRU.RUECK) AS "No. of Confirmations", returns the incorrect value, I believe it's something to do with one of my joins but I'm not sure.问题是我的COUNT(AFRU.RUECK) AS "No. of Confirmations",返回了不正确的值，我相信这与我的一个加入有关，但我不确定。

Regardless, I changed the select statement to this:无论如何，我将选择语句更改为：

(SELECT COUNT (*) FROM AFRU WHERE RUECK = AFVC.RUECK) AS 'No. of Confirmations',
CASE
    WHEN (SELECT COUNT (*) FROM AFRU WHERE RUECK = AFVC.RUECK) = 0 THEN 'Confirmed on mass'
    WHEN (SELECT COUNT (*) FROM AFRU WHERE RUECK = AFVC.RUECK) = 1 THEN 'Auto Confirmation'
    ELSE 'User clocked on & off'
END AS 'Accuracy'

Which works perfectly, exactly what I wanted.这完美地工作，正是我想要的。 However this isn't the most efficient way of selecting the data.然而，这并不是选择数据的最有效方式。 The statement takes approximately 10 minutes to run because of the change.由于更改，该语句大约需要 10 分钟才能运行。

So I attempted to change it from the above, to this:所以我试图将其从上面更改为：

@confs = (SELECT COUNT (*) FROM AFRU WHERE RUECK = AFVC.RUECK),
@confs AS 'No. of Confirmations',
CASE
    WHEN (@confs) = 0 THEN 'Confirmed on mass'
    WHEN (@confs) = 1 THEN 'Auto Confirmation'
    ELSE 'User clocked on & off'
END AS 'Accuracy'

To eliminate the additional SELECT s, using a variable which I declared above the main SELECT with - DECLARE @confs int;为了消除额外的SELECT s，使用我在主SELECT上方声明的变量 - DECLARE @confs int; . .

However, I am facing an error message, saying:但是，我遇到了一条错误消息，说：

Msg 141, Level 15, State 1, Line 3 Msg 141, Level 15, State 1, Line 3

A SELECT statement that assigns a value to a variable must not be combined with data-retrieval operations.为变量赋值的 SELECT 语句不得与数据检索操作结合使用。

How can I get around this?我怎样才能解决这个问题？ Is it even possible to get around this?甚至有可能解决这个问题吗？

Every example I've seen for declaring variables in SQL excludes dynamic where clauses.我见过的在 SQL 中声明变量的每个例子都不包括动态 where 子句。 I specifically need to reference another table ( AFRU ) to get the amount of records for a particular confirmation number ( RUECK ) - which comes from a different table ( AFVC ), as part of my main select statement.我特别需要引用另一个表 ( AFRU ) 来获取特定确认号 ( RUECK ) 的记录数量——它来自不同的表 ( AFVC )，作为我的主要选择语句的一部分。

EDIT:编辑：

Based on the SQL code above (before I made any changes), this is a sample of my complete output:基于上面的 SQL 代码（在我进行任何更改之前），这是我完整输出的示例：

+------------------+-----------------+---------+------------------+-----------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+---------------------+----------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| Material         | Material Number | Order   | Operation Number | Operation Text  | Estimated Hours 1 | Estimated Hours 2 | Estimated Hours 3 | Estimated Hours 4 | Estimated Hours 5 | Estimated Hours 6 | Actual Hours 1 | Actual Hours 2 | Actual Hours 3 | Actual Hours 4 | Actual Hours 5 | Actual Hours 6 | Op Actual Start Date | Op Actual Start Time | Op Actual Finish Date | Op Actual Finish Time | Confirmation Number | OBJID    | Order Actual Start Date | Order Confirmed Finish Date | No. of Confirmations | Accuracy              |
+------------------+-----------------+---------+------------------+-----------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+---------------------+----------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| 1900A-D14MSB-385 | Solid plank     | 1713023 | 60               | BSC Casting     | 0                 | 0                 | 2.132             | 0                 | 0                 | 0                 | 0              | 0              | 2.132          | 0              | 0              | 0              | 20200302             | 100959               | 20200302              | 121124                | 7566152             | 10000385 | 20200226                | 20200303                    | 3                    | User clocked on & off |
+------------------+-----------------+---------+------------------+-----------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+---------------------+----------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| 1900A-D14MSB-406 | Solid plank     | 1713025 | 60               | BSC Casting     | 0                 | 0                 | 2.132             | 0                 | 0                 | 0                 | 0              | 0              | 2.132          | 0              | 0              | 0              | 20200226             | 210329               | 20200226              | 210329                | 7566124             | 10000385 | 20200226                | 20200227                    | 1                    | Auto Confirmation     |
+------------------+-----------------+---------+------------------+-----------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+---------------------+----------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| 1900A-D14MSB-414 | Solid plank     | 1713026 | 40               | BSC Primary Set | 2.132             | 0                 | 0                 | 0                 | 0                 | 0                 | 0.19           | 0              | 0              | 0              | 0              | 0              | 20200227             | 142442               | 20200227              | 152927                | 7566106             | 10000383 | 20200227                | 20200303                    | 2                    | User clocked on & off |
+------------------+-----------------+---------+------------------+-----------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+---------------------+----------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+
| 1900A-D14MSB-436 | Solid plank     | 1713028 | 60               | BSC Casting     | 0                 | 0                 | 0                 | 2.132             | 0                 | 0                 | 0              | 0              | 2.132          | 0              | 0              | 0              | 20200224             | 142546               | 20200224              | 154025                | 7556163             | 10000385 | 20200221                | 20200225                    | 2                    | User clocked on & off |
+------------------+-----------------+---------+------------------+-----------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+---------------------+----------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+

My AFRU table looks like this (for the confirmation number 0007566152 ):我的AFRU表如下所示（对于确认号0007566152 ）：

In my above example, the 'number of confirmations' is 3 but the table actually contains 6 records, which means the value of 3 is incorrect, it should actually say 6 .在我上面的例子中，“确认数”是3但表实际上包含 6 条记录，这意味着3的值不正确，它实际上应该说6 。

+---------+----------+--------+---------+-------+----------+--------+----------+--------+-------+--------+-------+---------+-------+---------------+---------------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| RUECK   | ERSDA    | ERZET  | ERNAM   | WERKS | ISDD     | ISDZ   | IEDD     | IEDZ   | AUERU | AUFPL  | APLZL | AUFNR   | VORNR | fwk_LineageID | fwk_VersionID |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
+---------+----------+--------+---------+-------+----------+--------+----------+--------+-------+--------+-------+---------+-------+---------------+---------------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| 7566152 | 20200302 | 124517 | DHAWLEY | 1000  | 20200302 | 100959 | 20200302 | 124517 | X     | 717464 | 19    | 1713023 | 60    | 2873485       | 4             |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
+---------+----------+--------+---------+-------+----------+--------+----------+--------+-------+--------+-------+---------+-------+---------------+---------------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| 7566152 | 20200302 | 121124 | DHAWLEY | 1000  | 20200302 | 100959 | 20200302 | 121124 |       | 717464 | 19    | 1713023 | 60    | 2873485       | 4             |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
+---------+----------+--------+---------+-------+----------+--------+----------+--------+-------+--------+-------+---------+-------+---------------+---------------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| 7566152 | 20200302 | 124517 | DHAWLEY | 1000  | 20200302 | 100959 | 20200302 | 124517 | X     | 717464 | 19    | 1713023 | 60    | 2873485       | 4             |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
+---------+----------+--------+---------+-------+----------+--------+----------+--------+-------+--------+-------+---------+-------+---------------+---------------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| 7566152 | 20200302 | 102224 | DHAWLEY | 1000  | 20200302 | 100959 | 20200302 | 102224 |       | 717464 | 19    | 1713023 | 60    | 2873485       | 4             |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
+---------+----------+--------+---------+-------+----------+--------+----------+--------+-------+--------+-------+---------+-------+---------------+---------------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| 7566152 | 20200302 | 124517 | DHAWLEY | 1000  | 20200302 | 100959 | 20200302 | 124517 | X     | 717464 | 19    | 1713023 | 60    | 2873485       | 4             |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
+---------+----------+--------+---------+-------+----------+--------+----------+--------+-------+--------+-------+---------+-------+---------------+---------------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
| 7566152 | 20200302 | 102224 | DHAWLEY | 1000  | 20200302 | 100959 | 20200302 | 102224 |       | 717464 | 19    | 1713023 | 60    | 2873485       | 4             |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
+---------+----------+--------+---------+-------+----------+--------+----------+--------+-------+--------+-------+---------+-------+---------------+---------------+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+

In my top result, I expect to see the value of 6, not 3 for that particular record.在我的最佳结果中，我希望看到该特定记录的值为 6，而不是 3。

1 个解决方案

解决方案1
 2 已采纳  2020-03-06 11:44:15

you can use outer apply instead of left join .您可以使用outer apply而不是left join 。 And you don't also need group by而且你也不需要group by

SELECT

  ....,

  AFKO.GSTRI AS 'Order Actual Start Date',
  AFKO.GETRI AS 'Order Confirmed Finish Date',

  T.[No. of Confirmations],
  T.Accuracy

FROM AFKO
INNER JOIN afvc ON afvc.AUFPL = AFKO.AUFPL
INNER JOIN MAKT ON AFKO.PLNBEZ = MAKT.MATNR 
INNER JOIN CRHD ON crhd.OBJID = afvc.ARBID
INNER JOIN CRTX ON AFVC.ARBID = CRTX.OBJID 
INNER JOIN AFVV ON AFVC.AUFPL = AFVV.AUFPL
               AND AFVC.APLZL = AFVV.APLZL 
INNER JOIN AUFK ON AFKO.AUFNR = AUFK.AUFNR
OUTER APPLY ( SELECT 
                COUNT(A.RUECK) AS "No. of Confirmations",
                CASE
                    WHEN COUNT(A.RUECK) = 0 THEN 'Confirmed on mass'
                    WHEN COUNT(A.RUECK) = 1 THEN 'Auto Confirmation'
                ELSE 'User clocked on & off'
                END AS Accuracy
            FROM AFRU A WHERE A.RUECK = AFVC.RUECK ) AS T

WHERE AUFK.WERKS = 1000
    AND (crhd.ARBPL LIKE 'BSCREBAR'
    OR crhd.ARBPL LIKE 'BSCFISET'
    OR crhd.ARBPL LIKE 'BSCWDSP'
    OR crhd.ARBPL LIKE 'BSCPRSET'
    OR crhd.ARBPL LIKE 'BSCCAST'
    OR crhd.ARBPL LIKE 'BSCDEMLD' )

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