如何在具有相同条件的一个 try/except 块中对单个和循环操作进行分组？

Question

I wonder if there is any way to group operations below in one try/except block. I use the same exception in both cases. I was trying to shorten this code, but nothing good comes to my mind. Here is example code:

def cast_values(values):
    try:
        values['Price'] = float(values['Price'])
    except KeyError:
        pass

    for field in ('Pages', 'Quantity', 'Discount'):
        try:
            values[field] = int(values[field])
        except KeyError:
            pass

I want all keys to be checked, doesn't matter how many exceptions will occur.

Answer 1

You can generalize your code by factoring out the pairing of a key to a particular type. There you can have a single loop with a single try statement that accommodates all your key/type pairs.

def cast_values(values):
    type_map = {
        'Price': float,
        'Pages': int,
        'Quantity': int,
        'Discount': int,
    }

    for key, type_ in type_map.items():
        type_ = types.get(key, int)
        try:
            values[key] = type_(values[key])
        except KeyError:
            pass

In this case, I would probably get rid of the try statement altogether, and simply check if the key is in values :

for key, type_ in type_map.items():
    if key not in values:
        continue
    values[key] = type_(values[key])

Answer 2

If you really want one try block you can try to refactor like this (this is overkill tbh):

def cast_dict(dict_, key, type_):
    try:
        dict_[key] = type_(dict_[key])
    except KeyError:
        pass

def cast_values(values):
    cast_dict(values, 'Price', float)
    for field in ('Pages', 'Quantity', 'Discount'):
        cast_dict(values, field, int)