R 中有没有办法确定变量中的哪些水平在 GBM 预测模型中最重要？

Question

I constructed a predictive model using the GBM package in R. I have good results and I am able to see the feature importance list to see which variables are most important to the model. I am struggling with an editor's question asking for direction of the variables.

For instance: age variable: which age group is most important, rather than age overall?
region: which specific region, rather than region as a variable overall?

I see some implementation of this with LIME, however the GBM package is not compatible with LIME and I am stuggling with implementing it otherwise. Is there a manual way to see this?

My current idea to run the GBM model one by one and compare results. For instance, run with region A and all others the same, then region B, C, D, E, etc. Compare the final results and see more information about the level of each variable.

Does anyone have further advice or a quicker solution? Thanks

Answer 1

I suppose you are using gbm and not xgboost, but in any case you can always convert data into the necessary format.

You can try onehot encoding, and this is a bit better than testing the variables one by one because the model is exposed to all the variables. Below is not a very good example because I cut up a continuous variable, but hopefully in your model the categorization makes more sense:

library(MASS)
library(gbm)
library(highcharter)

data = Pima.te
age_cat = cut(data$age,4,labels = paste0("age",1:4))
onehot_bp = model.matrix(~0+age_cat)
data$type = as.numeric(data$type)-1
fit = gbm(type ~ .,data=cbind(data[,-grep("age",colnames(data))],onehot_bp))

res = summary(fit,plotit=FALSE)

hchart(res,"bar",hcaes(x=var,y=rel.inf,color=rel.inf))